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. 2016 Jan 29;14:5. doi: 10.1186/s12958-016-0141-5

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© Kim et al. 2016

Open AccessThis article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.

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Fig. 4 — The effect of OptiPrep™ and ATP treatment on post-thaw AMI and MMP of rat spermatozoa. Frozen-thawed spermatozoa were stained with PNA-Alexa 488/PI (a) and the percentages of PNA−/PI− (b), PNA+/PI− (c) and PNA+/PI+ (d) were analyzed with flow cytometry. Using JC-1/PI staining, viable spermatozoa with high MMP (e), Mean J_agg fluorescence intensity (J_agg MFI) per viable sperm (f), ratio of spermatozoa with high MMP of viable spermatozoa (g) were evaluated for MMP. PNA−/PI−: viable and acrosome-intact, PNA+/PI−: viable and acrosome-reacted, PNA+/PI+: dead and acrosome-reacted/or damaged, PNA−/PI+: dead, PNA+: total acrosome-reacted/or damaged. *P < 0.05 v.s. ATP-free within OptiPrep™ groups (comparison between ATP-free and ATP-supplemented groups). n = 6