Fig. 6.

TNF-α has a synergistic effect with C3 on the induction of leukocyte recruitment in vivo. C3^−/− mice and WT C57BL/6J mice were treated i.c.v. with LPS, and TNF-α (a) and IL-1β (b) concentrations in the brain extracts were then measured using ELISA. WT C57BL/6J mice and C3^−/− mice were treated i.c.v. with TNF-α (0.2 μg), and intravital microscopy was performed to examine leukocyte recruitment in WT C57BL/6J mice and C3^−/− mice at 4 h after i.c.v. TNF-α injection. The data for leukocyte rolling flux (c) and adhesion (d) are shown as the means ± SEM. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01; n ≥ 4 for all groups