TABLE 1.
Hypertension prevalence (%) by sex and ethnicity, Fiji, 1980–2011
| Hypertension prevalence % (95% confidence interval) | ||||||
| Year | N | Previous census | 2007 census | N | Previous census | 2007 census |
| i-Taukei men | i-Taukei women | |||||
| 1980 | 502 | 16.2 (13.0–19.4) | 18.6 (15.2–22.0) | 507 | 25.9 (22.1–29.7) | 27.8 (23.9–31.7) |
| 1993 | 399 | 22.3 (18.2–26.3) | 22.9 (18.8–27.0) | 445 | 21.5 (17.7–25.3) | 23.0 (19.1–26.9) |
| 2002 | 1212 | 25.8 (23.4–28.3) | 26.1 (23.7–28.6) | 1581 | 27.4 (25.2–29.6) | 28.0 (25.8–30.2) |
| 2004 | 829 | 39.9 (36.5–43.2) | 39.8 (36.5–43.1) | 981 | 39.3 (36.3–42.4) | 39.9 (36.9–43.0) |
| 2011 | 599 | 41.3 (37.3–45.2) | 41.2 (37.2–45.1) | 761 | 36.9 (33.4–40.3) | 36.2 (32.8–39.6) |
| 5-year changea | +3.83* (3.07–4.59) | +3.43* (2.64–4.22) | +2.06* (1.24–2.88) | +1.71* (0.86–2.56) | ||
| Indian men | Indian women | |||||
| 1980 | 469 | 20.5 (16.9–24.2) | 25.8 (21.8–29.8) | 521 | 17.6 (14.4–21.0) | 25.3 (21.5–29.0) |
| 1993 | 460 | 19.4 (15.8–23.0) | 24.4 (20.5–28.4) | 446 | 19.8 (16.1–23.5) | 25.9 (21.8–30.0) |
| 2002 | 759 | 21.7 (18.7–24.6) | 23.2 (20.2–26.2) | 1284 | 23.6 (21.2–25.9) | 25.4 (23.0–27.8) |
| 2004 | 652 | 33.2 (29.6–36.8) | 34.8 (31.1–38.4) | 721 | 32.5 (29.1–36.0) | 34.9 (31.4–38.4) |
| 2011 | 467 | 37.8 (33.4–42.2) | 39.1 (34.7–43.6) | 596 | 33.1 (29.3–36.8) | 33.6 (29.8–37.4) |
| 5-year changea | +2.34* (1.52–3.16) | +1.68* (0.78–2.59) | +2.42* (1.67–3.17) | +1.28* 0.04–2.14) | ||
| All men | All women | |||||
| 1980 | 971 | 18.4 (16.0–20.9) | 21.8 (19.2–24.4) | 1028 | 21.6 (19.1–24.1) | 26.7 (24.0–29.4) |
| 1993 | 859 | 20.7 (18.0–23.5) | 23.6 (20.8–26.4) | 891 | 20.6 (18.0–23.3) | 24.3 (21.5–27.1) |
| 2002 | 1971 | 23.8 (21.9–25.7) | 24.9 (23.0–26.8) | 2865 | 25.6 (24.0–27.2) | 26.8 (25.2–28.5) |
| 2004 | 1481 | 36.6 (34.2–39.1) | 37.6 (35.1–40.1) | 1702 | 36.0 (33.7–38.3) | 37.7 (35.4–40.0) |
| 2011 | 1066 | 39.7 (36.8–42.7) | 40.3 (37.3–43.2) | 1357 | 35.2 (32.6–37.7) | 35.1 (32.5–37.6) |
| 5-year changea | +3.08* (2.52–3.64) | +2.65* (2.05–3.24) | +2.28* (1.72–2.83) | +1.52* (0.91–2.12) | ||
Hypertension (SBP ≥ 140 and/or DBP ≥ 90 mmHg and/or taking medication for hypertension). N, number of participants in stratum; previous census, data adjusted to the most recent previous census for age group and urban–rural distributions by ethnicity and sex, to improve representativeness; 2007 census, data age-adjusted to the 2007 census to control for age confounding.
aRepresents the change in prevalences from Poisson regression (without offset) in each 5-year period.
*P < 0.001; 95% confidence interval.