Table 2.
Clinical Characteristics of 82 Patients Diagnosed With Type 2 Diabetes and PHQ-9–Defined Provisional Depression or Subthreshold Depressiona
| Variable | Patients |
| Body mass indexa | |
| Mean ± SD (median), kg/m2 | 34.31 ± 8.91 (31.82) |
| Normal, n (%) | 8 (9.8) |
| Overweight, n (%) | 19 (23.2) |
| Obese, n (%) | 55 (67.1) |
| Medication regimen, n (%) | |
| Diet only | 16 (19.5) |
| Oral only | 39 (47.6) |
| Insulin only | 7 (8.5) |
| Insulin plus oral | 20 (24.4) |
| Tobacco use (smoker), n (%) | 16 (19.5) |
| Cardiovascular disease, n (%) | 16 (19.5) |
| Charlson Comorbidity Index score, mean ± SD (median) | 0.89 ± 1.49 (0.00) |
| Diabetes Complications Severity Index score, mean ± SD (median) | 1.15 ± 1.67 (0.50) |
| HbA1c, mean ± SD (median), % | 8.18 ± 2.07 (7.85) |
| Glycemic control, n (%)b | |
| HbA1c < 7.0% | 31 (37.8) |
| HbA1c ≥ 7.0% | 51 (62.2) |
| PHQ-9 total score, mean ± SD (median) | 15.32 ± 5.23 (15.00) |
| Depression status, n (%)c | |
| Depression | 72 (87.8) |
| Subthreshold depression | 10 (12.2) |
a
Normal BMI = < 25.0 kg/m2, obese = ≥ 30.0 kg/m2, overweight = 25–29.9 kg/m2.
b
Glycemic control categories are based on American Diabetes Association criteria for controlled diabetes (HbA1c < 7.0%) and uncontrolled diabetes (HbA1c ≥ 7.0%).33
c
Depression diagnostic categories are based on PHQ-9 provisional diagnostic scoring criteria.
Abbreviations: HbA1c = hemoglobin A1c, PHQ-9 = 9-item Patient Health Questionnaire.