Table 3. Pulmonary function and blocking index.
| Exposure condition | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0 ppm | Low ACR | High ACR | EA | Low ACR + EA | High ACR + EA | |
| Vital capacity (VC), l | ||||||
| Before | 5.0 (1.7) | 5.0 (1.6) | 5.0 (1.7) | 5.0 (1.7) | 4.9 (1.6) | 5.0 (1.6) |
| After | 5.0 (1.7) | 5.0 (1.7) | 5.1 (1.8) | 4.9 (1.9) | 4.9 (1.7) | 5.1 (1.7) |
| 3.5 h after | 5.0 (1.7) | 5.1 (1.6) | 5.2 (1.8) | 5.1 (1.8) | 5.0 (1.6) | 5.1 (1.7) |
| Forced vital capacity (FVC), l | ||||||
| Before | 5.0 (1.7) | 5.1 (1.6) | 5.0 (1.7) | 5.0 (1.7) | 4.9 (1.6) | 5.0 (1.7) |
| After | 5.0 (1.7) | 5.1 (1.6) | 5.1 (1.7) | 5.1 (1.7) | 4.9 (1.6) | 5.0 (1.7) |
| 3.5 h after | 5.0 (1.7) | 5.1 (1.7) | 5.1 (1.7) | 5.2 (1.8) | 4.9 (1.6) | 5.1 (1.7) |
| Forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1), l | ||||||
| Before | 4.1 (1.3) | 4.1 (1.3) | 4.1 (1.3) | 4.2 (1.3) | 4.0 (1.2) | 4.1 (1.3) |
| After | 4.1 (1.4) | 4.2 (1.3) | 4.2 (1.3) | 4.2 (1.3) | 4.1 (1.2) | 4.1 (1.3) |
| 3.5 h after | 4.1 (1.3) | 4.3 (1.3) | 4.2 (1.3) | 4.2 (1.3) | 4.0 (1.2) | 4.2 (1.3) |
| FEV1/VC, % | ||||||
| Before | 84 (6.5) | 83 (7.4) | 83 (6.5) | 83 (6.8) | 83 (7.0) | 82 (6.1) |
| After | 84 (6.1) | 83 (7.5) | 83 (7.0) | 84 (7.9) | 84 (6.3) | 83 (6.5) |
| 3.5 h after | 83 (5.7) | 83 (3.5) | 83 (5.2) | 84 (6.3) | 82 (6.7) | 83 (5.5) |
| FEV1/FVC, % | ||||||
| Before | 83 (6.1) | 82 (6.7) | 83 (7.0) | 84 (6.6) | 83 (6.8) | 83 (6.5) |
| After | 83 (6.1) | 82 (6.5) | 83 (6.3) | 83 (6.9) | 83 (6.4) | 83 (7.2) |
| 3.5 h after | 83 (5.2) | 83 (7.0) | 83 (5.6) | 84 (6.7) | 84 (6.3) | 84 (6.8) |
| Peak expiratory flow (PEF), l/min | ||||||
| Before | 500 (141) | 511 (145) | 499 (138) | 465 (67) | 502 (143) | 503 (148) |
| After | 500 (143) | 504 (149) | 509 (150) | 510 (142) | 497 (138) | 502 (147) |
| 3.5 h after | 504 (138) | 518 (145) | 519 (137) | 510 (142) | 498 (136) | 504 (135) |
| Forced expiratory flow at 25% of FVC (FEF25), l/s | ||||||
| Before | 7.1 (1.7) | 7.3 (2.0) | 7.3 (1.8) | 7.3 (1.9) | 7.1 (1.9) | 7.1 (2.0) |
| After | 7.2 (1.8) | 7.3 (2.1) | 7.3 (1.9) | 7.3 (1.9) | 7.2 (2.0) | 7.3 (2.0) |
| 3.5 h after | 7.3 (1.8) | 7.6 (2.1) | 7.4 (1.8) | 7.5 (1.9) | 7.0 (1.9) | 7.4 (1.9) |
| Forced expiratory flow at 50% of FVC (FEF50), l/s | ||||||
| Before | 4.7 (1.5) | 4.6 (1.6) | 4.7 (1.6) | 4.8 (1.6) | 4.5 (1.5) | 4.7 (1.7) |
| After | 4.6 (1.5) | 4.7 (1.7) | 4.8 (1.6) | 4.8 (1.6) | 4.8 (1.5) | 4.8 (1.6) |
| 3.5 h after | 4.7 (1.5) | 5.0 (1.6) | 4.8 (1.6) | 5.0 (1.8) | 4.6 (1.5) | 4.9 (1.7) |
| Forced expiratory flow at 75% of FVC (FEF75), l/s | ||||||
| Before | 2.1 (0.7) | 2.1 (1.0) | 2.0 (1.0) | 2.2 (0.9) | 2.0 (0.7) | 2.1 (0.9) |
| After | 2.1 (0.9) | 2.1 (0.9) | 2.1 (1.0) | 2.2 (1.0) | 2.1 (0.8) | 2.3 (1.7) |
| 3.5 h after | 2.0 (0.8) | 2.3 (0.9) | 2.1 (0.9) | 2.2 (1.0) | 2.1 (0.8) | 2.2 (0.9) |
| Blocking index (BI) | ||||||
| Before | 0.53 (0.13) | 0.51 (0.17) | 0.51 (0.17) | 0.52 (0.09) | 0.49 (0.14) | 0.50 (0.15) |
| After | 0.54 (0.12) | 0.53 (0.15) | 0.53 (0.15) | 0.54 (0.09) | 0.50 (0.13) | 0.53 (0.15) |
| 3.5 h after | 0.53 (0.12) | 0.53 (0.15) | 0.53 (0.15) | 0.54 (0.10) | 0.50 (0.14) | 0.53 (0.14) |
Data of 18 volunteers measured before, immediately after, and 3.5 h after a 2 h exposure to 0 ppm (control exposure), 0.05 and 0.1 ppm of acrolein and ethyl acetate (EA) (15 ppm, control exposure), EA + low acrolein and EA + high acrolein. Values are given as arithmetic means with standard deviations in parentheses.