Table 2.
Key toxicological data for pyrethroids (values in mg/kg bodyweight).
| Chemical | Bifenthrin (FAO 2010) | Cyfluthrin (FAO 2003a) | Cypermethrin (FAO 2006) | Esfenvalerate (FAO 2002a) | Fenpropathrin (FAO 1993) | lambda-cyhalothrin (FAO 2003b) | Permethrin (FAO 1999) | Prallethrin (FAO 2002b) | Resmethrin (FAO 1996) | S-Bioallethrin (FAO 2005) | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Rat | Acute LD50 | 53 | 160 | 90 | 71 | 79 | 225 | 490 | 8000 | 413 | |||
| Oral BMD20 a | 14.3 | 12.6 | 76 | 40.5 | 29 | 8.9 | 156 | 150 | 291 | 135 | |||
| 15–28-d NOAEL | 10 | 20 | 50 | 36 | |||||||||
| 90-d NOAEL | 3.8 | 9.5 | 40 | 7.5 | 17 | 2.5 | 60 | 79 | 20 | ||||
| 2-year – chronic NOAEL | 2.3 | 6.2 | 7.5 | 2 | 5 | 2.3 | 25 | 19 | 3 | 27 | |||
| Mouse | 15–28-d NOAEL | 43 | 60 | 140 | |||||||||
| 90-d NOAEL | 45 | 10 | 374 | ||||||||||
| 2-year – chronic NOAEL | 7.6 | 38.4 | 60 | 4 | 56 | 1.8 | 75 | 6 | 38 | 42 | |||
| Dog | 15–45-d NOAEL | ||||||||||||
| 90-d NOAEL | 2.5 | 6.5 | 12.5 | 7 | 0.5 | 5 | 3 | 80 | 42 | ||||
| 1-year NOAEL | 1.5 | 6.5 | 5.7 | 5 | 3 | 0.5 | 5 | 2.5 | 14 | ||||
| DART | Rat Dev Tox NOAEL Mat | 1 | 3 | 17.5 | 2.5 | 3 | 10 | 225 | 10 | 200 | 20 | ||
| Rat Dev Tox NOAEL Pup | 2 | 30 | 70 | 20 | 10 | 15 | 225 | 300 | 200 | 80 | |||
| Rabbit Dev Tox NOAEL Mat | 2.7 | 20 | 450 | 3 | 6 | 10 | 200 | 30 | 240 | 50 | |||
| Rabbit Dev Tox NOAEL Pup | 8 | 20 | 700 | 20 | 36 | 30 | 1200 | 200 | 240 | 50 | |||
| Rat Repro Parental NOAEL | 3 | 9 | 3.8 | 4.2 | 3 | 2 | 170 | 36 | 4 | 60 | |||
| Rat Repro Pup NOAEL | 5 | 34.7 | 7.5 | 4.2 | 3 | 2 | 170 | 60 | 4 | 180 | |||
| Reference NOAELs | Reference 1-d NOAEL | 14.3 | 12.6 | 76 | 40.5 | 29 | 8.9 | 156 | 150 | 291 | 135 | ||
| Reference 90-d NOAEL | 2.5 | 6.5 | 12.5 | 4.2 | 7 | 0.5 | 5 | 3 | 4 | 20 | |||
| Reference chronic NOAEL | 1.5 | 6.5 | 7.5 | 2 | 3 | 0.5 | 5 | 2.5 | 3 | 14 |
a
BMD20 values are from EPA (2011).