Table 5.
Changes in disease-specific outcomes by condition and time, M (95% CI) unless otherwise noted
| Disease-specific outcomes |
Exercise | Nutrition | Combined | Model 1a Condition × Time |
Model 2b Time |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pain (0–10) | F=2.70 (p=0.07) | F=21.57 (p <0.0001) | |||
| Baseline | 4.7 (4.2, 5.2) | 4.9 (4.5, 5.4) | 4.8 (4.4, 5.2) | ||
| 12 weeks | 4.3 (3.8, 4.9) | 4.2 (3.7, 4.7) | 4.3 (3.8, 4.7) | ||
| d (% change)c | −0.15 (−7.6) | −0.33 (−15.6) | −0.25 (−11.8) | ||
| 9 months | 3.9 (3.4, 4.4) | 4.2 (3.7, 4.7) | 4.1 (3.6, 4.5) | ||
| d (% change)c | −0.36 (−17.8) | −0.30 (−14.0) | −0.33 (−15.8) | ||
| Stiffness (0–10) | F=3.11 (p=0.046) | ||||
| Baseline | 5.3 (4.8, 5.8) | 5.6 (5.2, 6.1) | |||
| 12 weeks | 4.6 (4.0, 5.1) | 4.3 (3.8, 4.8) | |||
| d (% change)c | −0.30 (−14.3) | −0.53 (−24.1) | 0.24 | ||
| 9 months | 4.4 (3.8, 4.9) | 4.5 (4.0, 5.1) | |||
| d (% change)c | −0.37 (−17.5) | −0.44 (−19.6) | 0.07 | ||
| Fatigue (0–10) | F=2.79 (p=0.06) | F=41.42 (p <0.0001) | |||
| Baseline | 4.7 (4.1, 5.2) | 4.8 (4.3, 5.3) | 4.7 (4.3, 5.2) | ||
| 12 weeks | 3.7 (3.2, 4.2) | 3.9 (3.4, 4.4) | 3.8 (3.4, 4.3) | ||
| d (% change)c | −0.36 (−20.4) | −0.34 (−19.0) | −0.35 (−19.6) | ||
| 9 months | 3.4 (2.8, 3.9) | 4.1 (3.6, 4.6) | 3.7 (3.3, 4.2) | ||
| d (% change)c | −0.49 (−27.5) | −0.28 (−15.3) | −0.38 (−21.1) | ||
| Arthritis management self-efficacy (1–10) | F=1.71 (p=0.18) | F=9.92 (p <0.0001) | |||
| Baseline | 6.1 (5.7, 6.6) | 6.1 (5.7, 6.5) | 6.1 (5.8, 6.5) | ||
| 12 weeks | 6.4 (5.9, 6.8) | 6.3 (5.9, 6.8) | 6.3 (6.0, 6.7) | ||
| d (% change)c | 0.11 (3.7) | 0.11 (3.6) | 0.11 (3.8) | ||
| 9 months | 6.8 (6.4, 7.3) | 6.4 (6.0, 6.8) | 6.6 (6.2, 7.0) | ||
| d (% change)c | 0.33 (11.2) | 0.15 (5.3) | 0.24 (8.2) | ||
Note: Boldface indicates significant difference from baseline value (p <0.05).
a
Adjusted for condition assignment, time, marital status, education, gender, and age.
b
Adjusted for condition assignment, marital status, education, gender, and age. Model 2 was run only in instances where Condition × Time interaction was not significant.
c
Effect size d and % change are calculated relative to baseline values and use adjusted means.