Table 3.
Sulfonylurea and metformin associations with myocardial infarction and stroke risks among users of long-acting insulin.
| Myocardial Infarction | Stroke | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cases | Controls | OR | 95% CI | Cases | Controls | OR | 95% CI | |
| Sulfonylureas (SU) | ||||||||
| Current use | 109 | 98 | 1.67 | 1.10-2.55 | 60 | 104 | 1.22 | 0.74-2.00 |
| Past use | 109 | 83 | 1.12 | 0.75-1.69 | 66 | 90 | 0.94 | 0.57-1.53 |
| Never use | 187 | 170 | 1 (ref) | 118 | 175 | 1 (ref) | ||
| Metformin (MET) | ||||||||
| Current use | 83 | 111 | 0.85 | 0.55-1.30 | 40 | 117 | 0.54 | 0.32-0.92 |
| Past use | 94 | 59 | 1.20 | 0.76-1.90 | 45 | 63 | 0.77 | 0.44-1.32 |
| Never use | 228 | 181 | 1 (ref) | 159 | 189 | 1 (ref) | ||
| Other comparisons | ||||||||
| Current SU vs past SU | 1.49 | 0.93-2.39 | 1.30 | 0.74-2.26 | ||||
| Current MET vs past MET | 0.71 | 0.42-1.17 | 0.71 | 0.38-1.34 | ||||
| Current SU vs current MET | 1.97 | 1.05-3.70 | 2.24 | 1.05-4.76 | ||||
CI = confidence interval, OR = odds ratio, SU = sulfonylurea, MET = metformin. All analyses were adjusted for index year, age, sex, hypertension status, smoking, prior cardiovascular disease, atrial fibrillation, nephrotic syndrome, diastolic blood pressure, body mass index, total cholesterol, serum creatinine, duration of diabetes, and the use of statins, ACE inhibitors, and regular and rapid-acting insulin.