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. 2016 Jan 18;5:e10066. doi: 10.7554/eLife.10066

Figure 1. GM-CSF is a critical cytokine mediator of ILC-driven colitis.

(A) Weight loss and (B) proximal colon histopathology scores in untreated B6Rag1-/- mice (control, n=3) or mice injected with anti-CD40 and treated with blocking antibody to IL-17A (n=5), IL-22 (n=7) or isotype (n=8) for 7 days. Representative photomicrographs of H&E stained proximal colon sections are shown. (C) Weight loss and (D) proximal colon histopathology scores in untreated B6Rag1-/- mice (control, n=8) or mice injected with anti-CD40 and treated with blocking antibody to GM-CSF (n=7), blocking antibody to IL-23R (n=5) or isotype (n=6) for 7 days. Representative photomicrographs of H&E stained proximal colon sections are shown. (E) Number of innate immune cell populations in cLP at three days following anti-CD40 injection. Data are shown as means and SEM. Results are representative of n=2–5 independent experiments. *, p<0.05, **, p<0.01, One-way ANOVA with Bonferroni’s post test. (Figure 1—figure supplement 1) shows no effect of IL-17A and IL-22 double blockade and IL-17F blockade on systemic disease or colitis. (Figure 1—figure supplement 2) shows improved systemic and intestinal disease with anti-GM-CSF treatment in Helicobacter hepaticus driven innate colitis.

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.10066.003

Figure 1.

Figure 1—figure supplement 1. IL-17A and IL-22 combination blockade or anti-IL-17F does not protect from anti-CD40 mediated colitis.

Figure 1—figure supplement 1.

(A) Weight loss and (B) proximal colon histopathology scores in untreated B6Rag1-/- mice (control, n=6) or mice injected with anti-CD40 and treated with blocking antibody to IL-17F (n=5), a combination of IL-17A and IL-22 blockade (n=6) or isotype (n= 6). Representative photomicrographs of H&E stained proximal colon sections are shown. Data are shown as mean and SEM. Results are a combination of 2 independent experiments. One-way ANOVA with Bonferroni’s post test.
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.10066.004
Figure 1—figure supplement 2. Helicobacter hepaticus driven innate colitis depends on GM-CSF. .

Figure 1—figure supplement 2.

(A) Spleen weight from uninfected (n=4), isotype treated H.h, infected (n=7), or anti-GM-CSF treated H.h, infected mice (n=7) 6 weeks after infection. (B) Colitis score of uninfected (n=4), isotype treated H.h, infected (n=6), or anti-GM-CSF treated H.h, infected mice (n=7) 6 weeks after infection. Data are shown as mean and SEM. Results are representative of 2 independent experiments. ***, p<0.001. One-way ANOVA with Bonferroni’s post test
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.10066.005