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. 2016 Jan 28;10(1):011501. doi: 10.1063/1.4940429

FIG. 4.

FIG. 4.

(A) Confocal images of membrane perforation and resealing in microbubble-induced sonoporation (Reprinted with permission from Hu et al., Ultrasound Med. Biol. 39, 2393 (2013). Copyright 2013 Elsevier). Upon the application of an ultrasound pulse, a disruption of 5.3 m is created in the cell, exactly at the site where the microbubble was. The cell membrane is stained with an orange dye (CellMask Orange). After ultrasound exposure, the pore progressively reseals within a few minutes. (B) SEM images of cell membrane damage after ultrasound radiation (Reprinted with permission from Kudo et al., Biophys. J. 96, 4866 (2009). Copyright 2009 Elsevier). The high magnification views show perforations in the cell membrane surrounded by a rough surface.