Table 6.
Therapies affecting the severity or the risk of bleeding from portal hypertensive gastropathy
| Therapies reducing severity of PHG | Ref. |
| TIPS | [76,77,98] |
| Transcatheter splenic arterial embolization | [99] |
| Surgical shunt | |
| Portocaval shunt | [100] |
| Central splenorenal shunt | [101] |
| Laparoscopic splenectomy (in patients with hypersplenism) | [55] |
| Liver transplantation | [44] |
| Therapies reducing risk of bleeding from PHG | |
| TIPS | [75,98,102] |
| Surgical shunt (portocaval or splenorenal) | [100,101] |
| Nonselective b β-adrenergic receptor antagonists (e.g., propranolol) | [103 (in rats),104] |
| Somatostatin family of drugs | |
| Somatostatin | [105] |
| Octreotide | [106] |
| Vasopressin family of drugs | |
| Vasopressin | [106] |
| Terlipressin | [107] |
| Therapies that increase incidence or risk of bleeding from PHG | |
| Endoscopic therapies for varices | |
| Variceal ligation | [11,41] |
| Variceal sclerotherapy | [11,83] |
| Interventional angiography | |
| Percutaneous transhepatic variceal embolization | [85] |
TIPS: Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt; PHG: Portal hypertensive gastropathy.