Planktonic organisms challenged against test solutions. (a) Bacillus cereus, (b) Candida albicans, (c) Escherichia coli, (d) Pseudomonas aeruginosa; (e) Staphylococcus aureus, (f) Staphylococcus epidermidis. Parabens, heparin/parabens combination; benzyl, heparin/benzyl combination; cfu, colonu-forming unit. Points on the graph indicate the number of organisms that survived after the indicated exposure time to each test solution.