Table 3.

Apraxia screening performance and error types in apraxics (top) and non-apraxics (bottom).

	Apraxia screening
	Gesture imitation (total score)				Object use (total score)
Patient	Hand (20)	Errors	Fingers (20)	Errors	Pantomime (53)	Errors	Actual (18)	Errors
AH	19	fe	19	fe	37	bpo; ss; gm	18
GW	16	hm; sm	4	p of hands; sm	10	ao; aa	16	aa
JA	19	sm	20		36	bpo; ss; gm; sm	16	ss; sm
SG	20		20		53		18
TY	18	sm	18	sm	48	bpo; sm	18
DF	18	hm	20		50	gm; sm	18
WM	20		20		48	gm; sm	18
MB	19	hm	19	sm	53		18
TM	20		20		53		18
DJ	18	hm	19	fe	53		18
JS	20		20		53		18
BH	20		20		51	ss	18

Note: Types of performance error were given the following acronyms: gesture imitation: perseveration (p); hand misorientation (hm): misorientation of the hand relative to the face; finger extension (fe): incorrect fingers extended from hand; spatial misorientation (sm): hand misorientation relative to the experimenter, e.g., back of hand instead of palm facing. Object use: action addition (aa): miscellaneous actions not interpretable as a step in the task, e.g., waving; action omission (ao): failed to perform any recognisable action; step omission (so): failed to complete some parts of the movement, e.g., rotating hand when squeezing a lemon; body-part-as-object (bpo): e.g., brush teeth with finger; semantic substitution (ss): e.g., stir with fork; grasp misestimation (gm): incorrect grasp size/type for object, e.g., pincer grip for cup; spatial misestimation (sm): incorrect relationship between object relative to body or another (reference) object.