Table 1.
Metabolic Syndrome and descriptive characteristics of the ARIC study population*
| Whites (n=7593) |
African-Americans (n=1698) |
|||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Male (n=3,443) |
Female (n=4,150) |
Male (n=639) |
Female (n=1,059) |
|
| MetS Components | ||||
| Systolic BP (mmHg) | 119.3 (15.2) | 115.7 (16.8) | 125.8 (18.5) | 124.4 (18.0) |
| Diastolic BP (mmHg) | 73.6 (9.7) | 69.8 (9.5) | 81.4 (11.7) | 77.9 (10.7) |
| Waist circumference (cm) | 99.0 (10.0) | 92.0 (14.1) | 96.2 (11.6) | 98.4 (15.9) |
| HDL-cholesterol (mg/dl) | 43.7 (12.2) | 58.7 (16.7) | 50.3 (14.8) | 59.8 (17.1) |
| Triglycerides (mg/dl) | 139.2 (83.9) | 119.9 (71.8) | 111.9 (67.2) | 99.2 (46.3) |
| Glucose (mg/dl) | 101.5 (10.1) | 96.9 (9.6) | 100.4 (11.2) | 98.8 (11.4) |
| Descriptive Characteristics | ||||
| Age (years) | 54.4 (5.6) | 53.8 (5.6) | 53.1 (5.8) | 52.7 (5.6) |
| T. Cholesterol (mg/dl) | 210.0 (37.5) | 216.4 (40.5) | 212.4 (44.2) | 214.9 (43.5) |
| LDL-cholesterol (mg/dl) | 139.1 (34.7) | 133.8 (38.0) | 140.4 (42.2) | 135.4 (42.1) |
| BMI, (kg/m2) | 27.3 (3.8) | 26.3 (5.1) | 27.5 (4.4) | 30.2 (6.3) |
| Hypertension (%) | 23.6 | 22.2 | 44.4 | 50.4 |
| Physical activity† | 2.4 (0.5) | 2.5 (0.5) | 2.1 (0.6) | 2.1 (0.6) |
| Smoking status (%) | ||||
| Current | 20.1 | 21.1 | 31.7 | 22.8 |
| Former | 48.0 | 25.2 | 36.1 | 18.1 |
| Never | 31.9 | 53.6 | 32.0 | 59.9 |
| Alcohol drinking (%) | ||||
| Current | 72.7 | 64.0 | 50.6 | 24.2 |
| Former | 16.9 | 11.9 | 23.0 | 18.1 |
| Never | 10.4 | 24.0 | 26.3 | 57.7 |
| Education (%) | ||||
| Basic | 13.6 | 12.1 | 33.2 | 33.6 |
| Intermediate | 39.4 | 51.6 | 28.6 | 30.0 |
| Advanced | 47.0 | 36.2 | 38.3 | 36.4 |
| Medications (%) | ||||
| Cholesterol | ||||
| At baseline | 17.2 | 22.0 | 21.9 | 33.3 |
| After baseline | 26.0 | 21.2 | 23.0 | 27.4 |
| Blood-pressure | ||||
| At baseline | 13.5 | 13.5 | 25.0 | 35.1 |
| After baseline | 16.1 | 15.0 | 19.7 | 21.2 |
| Diabetes | ||||
| At baseline‡ | NA | NA | NA | NA |
| After baseline | 4.2 | 2.7 | 9.3 | 9.6 |
*
Those with loss to follow-up by visit 4, with baseline diabetes and CHD were excluded from the analysis. Values are mean (SD), unless otherwise mentioned
†
Leisure-time physical activity was measured on a scale of 1 to 4.5 using Baecke questionnaire.{Baecke, 1982 #1966}
‡
Those taking diabetes medications were excluded from the analysis