Table 2.
Study-specific associations between secondhand tobacco smoke exposure and lung adenocarcinoma in situ/minimally invasive adenocarcinoma by tobacco smoking status
| All |
Never smokers |
|||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ever exposed to secondhand smoke |
Cases, n | Controls, n | OR1 (95% PLL) | Cases, n | Controls, n | OR2 (95% PLL) |
| Mayo Clinic | ||||||
| Never exposed | 47 | 721 | 1 (reference) | 21 | 386 | 1 (reference) |
| Ever exposed | 200 | 1,514 | 1.68 (1.22–2.37) | 46 | 426 | 1.70 (1.04–2.84) |
| Harvard University | ||||||
| Never exposed | 4 | 54 | 1 (reference) | 1 | 20 | 1 (reference) |
| Ever exposed | 192 | 1,459 | 1.41 (0.65–3.33) | 27 | 459 | 0.91 (0.31–3.16) |
| FHS3 | ||||||
| Never exposed | 0 | 76 | 1 (reference) | 0 | 71 | 1 (reference) |
| Ever exposed | 32 | 836 | 2.66 (1.01–7.85) | 24 | 463 | 2.67 (1.01–7.90) |
| UCLA4 | ||||||
| Never exposed | 14 | 307 | 1 (reference) | 11 | 199 | 1 (reference) |
| Ever exposed | 25 | 731 | 0.67 (0.34–1.41) | 7 | 271 | 0.59 (0.25–1.35) |
| WELD5 | ||||||
| Never exposed | 5 | 76 | 1 (reference) | 4 | 53 | 1 (reference) |
| Ever exposed | 54 | 491 | 1.30 (0.60–3.12) | 12 | 226 | 0.91 (0.35–2.52) |
| University of Hawaii | ||||||
| Never exposed | 3 | 45 | 1 (reference) | 2 | 32 | 1 (reference) |
| Ever exposed | 35 | 542 | 0.98 (0.40–2.64) | 10 | 192 | 0.95 (0.34–2.87) |
| CREST6 | ||||||
| Never exposed | 1 | 241 | 1 (reference) | 0 | 119 | 1 (reference) |
| Ever exposed | 13 | 310 | 2.56 (1.02–6.98) | 5 | 118 | 2.04 (0.67–6.58) |
| P for heterogeneity across studies | 0.010 | 0.005 | ||||
1
Odds ratios are adjusted for age, sex, race/ethnicity, tobacco smoking status (ever/never), and pack-years of smoking. PLL: profile-likelihood limits
2
Odds ratios are adjusted for age, sex, and race/ethnicity.
3
FHS: Family Health Study.
4
UCLA: University of California at Los Angeles
5
WELD: Women’s Epidemiology of Lung Disease
6
CREST: Cancer of the Respiratory Tract Biorepository.