Table I. Cutin monomer composition of 20-DPA and red ripe fruits in the wild type, Pro-35S:SlCUS1RNAi lines (L4, L10, L3, and L17), and cus1 mutants (cus1-a, cus1-b, and cus1-c).
Values ± sd are expressed in µg cm−2 and are means of at least three biological replicates. Significant differences for glycerol and 9(10),16-dihydroxyhexadecanoic acid (boldface) from the corresponding wild type are indicated with asterisks (Student’s t test; *, P < 0.05; **, P < 0.01; and ***, P < 0.001).
| Compounds | cv Micro-Tom |
cv WVa106 |
|||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Wild Type | cus1-a | cus1-b | cus1-c | Wild Type | L4 | L10 | L3 | L17 | |
| 20 DPA | |||||||||
| Glycerol | 4.5 ± 2.0 | 7.9 ± 0.7* | 5.2 ± 0.5 | 3.1 ± 0.7 | 2.4 ± 0.1 | 3.5 ± 0.6 | 2.6 ± 1.0 | 3.9 ± 0.2** | 3.8 ± 0.8 |
| p-Coumaric acid | 2.5 ± 0.2 | 1.9 ± 0.0 | 2.5 ± 0.5 | 2.3 ± 0.2 | 2.7 ± 1.8 | 1.1 ± 0.0 | 0.9 ± 0.2 | 0.5 ± 0.0 | 0.3 ± 0.2 |
| m-Coumaric acid | 5.2 ± 0.5 | 3.4 ± 0.9 | 6.2 ± 0.4 | 5.0 ± 0.4 | 2.7 ± 0.7 | 1.7 ± 0.1 | 1.4 ± 0.4 | 0.3 ± 0.0 | 0.3 ± 0.0 |
| Hexadecanoic acid | 1.8 ± 0.8 | 0.8 ± 0.2 | 2.0 ± 0.6 | 1.7 ± 0.6 | 1.2 ± 1.1 | 1.1 ± 0.5 | 0.6 ± 0.1 | 0.6 ± 0.2 | 1.0 ± 0.3 |
| 1,16-Hexadecanedioic acid | 1.8 ± 0.8 | 0.2 ± 0.1 | 1.3 ± 1.7 | 1.4 ± 0.3 | 0.9 ± 0.1 | 2.1 ± 0.3 | 0.5 ± 0.3 | 0.1 ± 0.0 | 0.0 ± 0.0 |
| 16-Hydroxyhexadecanoic acid | 22.2 ± 0.2 | 0.9 ± 0.0 | 23.6 ± 1.2 | 20.5 ± 2.9 | 18.4 ± 0.8 | 13.0 ± 0.2 | 9.8 ± 4.7 | 1.9 ± 0.1 | 1.1 ± 0.0 |
| 9(10),16-Dihydroxyhexadecanoic acid | 537.8 ± 29.1 | 93.4 ± 0.4** | 609.9 ± 39.5 | 511.4 ± 16.4 | 523.0 ± 28.2 | 450.1 ± 22.5 | 348.7 ± 37.4* | 141.9 ± 0.6** | 83.4 ± 9.9** |
| 9-Hydroxy-1,16-hexadecanedioic acid | 35.1 ± 1.5 | 5.5 ± 0.0 | 22.8 ± 2.3 | 27.4 ± 4.9 | 44.8 ± 7.6 | 37.1 ± 0.9 | 32.4 ± 3.3 | 9.9 ± 0.2 | 5.4 ± 1.8 |
| Octadecanoic acid | 2.7 ± 1.1 | 1.1 ± 0.3 | 2.5 ± 0.4 | 2.9 ± 1.1 | 1.4 ± 0.8 | 2.1 ± 1.2 | 1.1 ± 0.5 | 0.8 ± 0.3 | 1.3 ± 0.6 |
| 18-Hydroxyoctadecanoic acid | 0.8 ± 0.2 | 0.1 ± 0.0 | 1.1 ± 0.2 | 0.8 ± 0.2 | 1.0 ± 0.4 | 0.5 ± 0.1 | 0.3 ± 0.1 | 0.1 ± 0.0 | 0.1 ± 0.0 |
| 9(10),18-Dihydroxyoctadecanoic acid | 4.9 ± 1.5 | 1.1 ± 0.2 | 8.5 ± 2.6 | 4.0 ± 0.7 | 3.5 ± 0.0 | 3.2 ± 0.3 | 2.3 ± 0.3 | 0.8 ± 0.0 | 0.7 ± 0.3 |
| 9,10-Epoxy-18-hydroxyoctadecenoic acid | 4.0 ± 0.9 | 0.9 ± 0.1 | 6.1 ± 2.1 | 6.1 ± 1.4 | 1.5 ± 1.6 | 1.7 ± 0.0 | 0.4 ± 0.2 | 0.2 ± 0.0 | 0.1 ± 0.1 |
| 9,10-Epoxy-18-hydroxyoctadecanoic acid | 8.4 ± 1.8 | 5.8 ± 0.4 | 9.5 ± 2.7 | 10.6 ± 1.9 | 4.3 ± 0.4 | 5.9 ± 0.4 | 4.9 ± 1.5 | 7.0 ± 0.2 | 5.7 ± 1.6 |
| 9,10,18-Trihydroxyoctadecanoic acid | 6.1 ± 3.4 | 2.8 ± 0.8 | 3.9 ± 1.9 | 5.0 ± 2.0 | 3.5 ± 0.2 | 2.1 ± 0.2 | 1.8 ± 0.0 | 1.6 ± 0.0 | 2.4 ± 0.5 |
| 24-Hydroxytetracosanoic acid | 0.0 ± 0.0 | 1.9 ± 0.0 | 0.0 ± 0.0 | 0.0 ± 0.0 | 0.3 ± 0.1 | 0.5 ± 0.0 | 0.9 ± 0.9 | 1.9 ± 0.2 | 1.8 ± 0.4 |
| Unidentified compounds | 17.9 ± 3.8 | 8.1 ± 2.7 | 17.3 ± 11.4 | 22.2 ± 10.4 | 33.8 ± 10.2 | 27.2 ± 0.3 | 22.3 ± 0.9 | 10.1 ± 0.1 | 3.4 ± 0.5 |
| Red Ripe | |||||||||
| Glycerol | 4.2 ± 1.4 | 7.3 ± 0.9* | 4.5 ± 0.7 | 3.6 ± 1.4 | 1.9 ± 0.0 | 2.1 ± 0.0 | 2.3 ± 0.7 | 1.8 ± 0.2 | 1.9 ± 0.1 |
| p-Coumaric acid | 4.8 ± 0.9 | 4.0 ± 1.2 | 3.0 ± 0.1 | 1.5 ± 0.1 | 1.6 ± 0.5 | 1.9 ± 0.3 | 1.3 ± 0.2 | 0.3 ± 0.1 | 0.2 ± 0.0 |
| m-Coumaric acid | 15.1 ± 4.7 | 13.5 ± 2.1 | 13.1 ± 1.0 | 9.3 ± 2.4 | 4.5 ± 0.7 | 5.4 ± 1.1 | 4.2 ± 0.2 | 0.7 ± 0.1 | 0.5 ± 0.0 |
| Hexadecanoic acid | 1.8 ± 0.8 | 4.1 ± 0.3 | 2.1 ± 0.2 | 1.7 ± 0.4 | 2.1 ± 0.2 | 2.1 ± 0.2 | 1.0 ± 0.0 | 1.1 ± 0.2 | 1.0 ± 0.0 |
| 1,16-Hexadecanedioic acid | 3.3 ± 0.1 | 0.3 ± 0.2 | 2.2 ± 0.1 | 1.7 ± 0.2 | 2.0 ± 0.1 | 1.6 ± 0.2 | 0.6 ± 0.2 | 0.1 ± 0.0 | 0.0 ± 0.0 |
| 16-Hydroxyhexadecanoic acid | 21.1 ± 2.2 | 1.5 ± 0.4 | 23.3 ± 1.3 | 12.9 ± 0.5 | 23.0 ± 3.3 | 23.2 ± 1.2 | 11.4 ± 3.1 | 1.1 ± 0.3 | 0.6 ± 0.0 |
| 9(10),16-Dihydroxyhexadecanoic acid | 588.4 ± 89.5 | 135.1 ± 7.4* | 730.2 ± 45.2 | 511.5 ± 10.3 | 571.5 ± 6.4 | 550.5 ± 27.4 | 459.1 ± 16.4* | 114.9 ± 11.2*** | 86.0 ± 1.8*** |
| 9-Hydroxy-1,16-hexadecanedioic acid | 19.7 ± 4.4 | 6.4 ± 1.0 | 23.5 ± 2.8 | 11.3 ± 2.6 | 32.5 ± 10.0 | 32.9 ± 0.4 | 24.8 ± 3.0 | 3.6 ± 0.6 | 2.4 ± 0.1 |
| Octadecanoic acid | 1.6 ± 0.1 | 3.0 ± 1.7 | 2.0 ± 0.2 | 1.6 ± 0.6 | 2.2 ± 0.1 | 1.5 ± 0.3 | 1.5 ± 0.0 | 0.6 ± 0.0 | 0.5 ± 0.1 |
| 18-Hydroxyoctadecanoic acid | 1.0 ± 0.3 | 0.3 ± 0.1 | 1.1 ± 0.1 | 0.6 ± 0.0 | 1.3 ± 0.1 | 1.4 ± 0.2 | 0.8 ± 0.1 | 0.1 ± 0.0 | 0.1 ± 0.0 |
| 9(10),18-Dihydroxyoctadecanoic acid | 10.4 ± 1.5 | 2.7 ± 0.0 | 11.5 ± 0.0 | 6.6 ± 0.2 | 7.5 ± 1.3 | 5.9 ± 0.7 | 7.4 ± 1.7 | 1.7 ± 0.1 | 1.4 ± 0.2 |
| 9,10-Epoxy-18-hydroxyoctadecenoic acid | 1.2 ± 0.4 | 0.8 ± 0.2 | 1.6 ± 0.2 | 0.9 ± 0.0 | 0.8 ± 0.1 | 1.3 ± 0.2 | 0.9 ± 0.0 | 0.4 ± 0.0 | 0.3 ± 0.0 |
| 9,10-Epoxy-18-hydroxyoctadecanoic acid | 0.8 ± 0.1 | 3.8 ± 1.1 | 1.0 ± 0.1 | 0.8 ± 0.1 | 0.9 ± 0.0 | 1.4 ± 0.2 | 1.8 ± 0.6 | 0.0 ± 0.0 | 0.0 ± 0.0 |
| 9,10,18-Trihydroxyoctadecenoic acid | 1.6 ± 0.3 | 0.0 ± 0.0 | 1.9 ± 0.1 | 1.3 ± 0.1 | 1.3 ± 0.7 | 2.0 ± 0.3 | 1.8 ± 0.5 | 0.0 ± 0.0 | 0.0 ± 0.0 |
| 9,10,18-Trihydroxyoctadecanoic acid | 2.9 ± 0.4 | 2.8 ± 0.1 | 4.9 ± 0.2 | 2.5 ± 0.1 | 4.9 ± 1.0 | 4.9 ± 2.7 | 4.6 ± 0.2 | 3.5 ± 0.6 | 2.9 ± 1.1 |
| 24-Hydroxytetracosanoic acid | 1.4 ± 1.3 | 4.2 ± 0.9 | 0.6 ± 0.0 | 0.4 ± 0.1 | 0.5 ± 0.1 | 0.6 ± 0.1 | 0.6 ± 0.0 | 12.3 ± 0.8 | 11.1 ± 0.7 |
| Unidentified compounds | 42.2 ± 2.2 | 25.5 ± 5.7 | 50.7 ± 0.2 | 33.3 ± 0.0 | 34.4 ± 14.8 | 39.7 ± 1.5 | 36.6 ± 2.3 | 31.3 ± 1.0 | 25.4 ± 0.2 |