Table 1.
Sociodemographic characteristics of the 52 mothers
| Variable | Group A* (%)N=22 | Group B** (%)N=30 | Chi-square (P-values) | Student’s t-test unpaired (P-values) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Maternal age | ||||
| Mean age, years | 30.68 | 27.77 | 4.7483 (0.191) | 1.5860 (0.1191) |
| 15–24 | 3 (13.64%) | 9 (30.0%) | – | |
| 25–34 | 12 (54.55%) | 18 (60.0%) | – | |
| 35–39 | 3 (13.64%) | 1 (3.33%) | – | |
| ≥40 | 4 (18.18%) | 2 (6.67%) | – | |
| Religion | ||||
| Christianity | 22 (100%) | 25 (83.33%) | 4.0567 (0.044) | – |
| Islam | 0 | 5 (16.67%) | – | |
| Ethnicity | ||||
| Tiv | 19 (86.36%) | 23 (76.67%) | 0.7684 (0.381) | – |
| Idoma | 3 (13.64%) | 7 (23.33%) | – | |
| Education level | ||||
| None formal | 3 (13.64%) | 14 (46.67%) | 18.5425 (0.000) | – |
| Primary | 7 (31.82%) | 15 (50.0%) | – | |
| Secondary | 12 (54.55%) | 1 (3.33%) | – | |
| Marital status | ||||
| With a partner | 18 (81.82%) | 14 (46.67%) | 6.6261 (0.010) | – |
| No partner | 4 (18.18%) | 16 (53.33%) | – | |
| Income per month (minimum wage is 18,000 ₦) | ||||
| Gets the minimum wage and above | 9 (40.91%) | 5 (16.67%) | 3.7913 (0.052) | – |
| Below the minimum wage | 13 (59.09%) | 25 (83.33%) | – | |
| Parity | ||||
| Mean | 3.22 | 1.8 | 0.9345 (0.334) | 4.5421 (0.000) |
| Primiparous | 2 (9.09%) | 17 (56.67%) | – | |
| More than one | 20 (90.91%) | 13 (43.33%) | – | |
| Gestational age | ||||
| Mean | 37.59 | 36.9 | 0.7684 (0.381) | 2.0510 (0.0455) |
| Term | 19 (86.36%) | 23 (76.67%) | – | |
| Preterm | 3 (13.64%) | 7 (23.33%) | – | |
| Mode of delivery | ||||
| Vaginal | 21 (95.45%) | 24 (80.0%) | 4.0655 (0.131) | – |
| Elective C/S | 1 (4.55%) | 1 (3.33%) | – | |
| Emergency C/S | 0 | 5 (16.67%) | – | |
Notes: Time of booking/initiation of antenatal care for Group A; first trimester =11, second trimester =8, and third trimester =3.
These are mothers who had HIV testing done at the antenatal care (ANC) as required in our PMTCT programme, but unfortunately, these mothers did not assess a full PMTCT intervention and were recruited into the study because they came to the Federal Medical Centre with their sick infants who were found to be HIV infected. Thus, the Group A mothers were ANC attendees who were expected to have a full PMTCT service package but did not have it for one reason or the other.
These are mothers who got to know about their HIV status following HIV diagnosis in their sick infants, well after the opportunity for PMTCT has been missed. However, two of the Group B mothers were aware of their HIV status, even before pregnancy but still did not assess PMTCT.
Abbreviations: C/S, Cesarean section; PMTCT, prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV; HIV, human immunodeficiency virus.