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IL-1β (A) and TNF-α (B) production by RAW 264.7 cells incubated with different nanotube formulations.
Notes: Cell-free supernatants were collected at 12 hours, and IL-1β and TNF-α production was measured in ELISAs. The data are shown as mean ± SD. *P<0.05.
Abbreviations: BMP, bone morphogenic protein; IL-1β, interleukin-1β; TNF-α, tumor necrosis factor-α; ELISAs, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays; SD, standard deviation.
