Figure 3. Determination of 5‐AzadC + SAHA treatment schedule in vitro and ex vivo .

• A–D
  J‐Lat 8.4 cell line was mock‐treated or treated with 5‐AzadC and/or SAHA for different periods of time as indicated. Samples were harvested at the indicated times. Viral production was measured by quantifying p24 antigen production in culture supernatants (A, B) and metabolic activity was assessed by a WST‐1 assay (C, D). Means and standard errors of the means from three independent biological duplicates (n = 6) are indicated. The result obtained with mock‐treated cells was arbitrarily set at a value of 100% (C, D).
• E
  From data of ex vivo cultures of CD8⁺‐depleted PBMCs isolated from 24 HIV ⁺ patients presented in Appendix Table S2, the extracellular HIV‐1 genomic RNA levels for each LRA treatment are represented. One night after cell purification, cells were mock‐treated or simultaneously treated with 5‐AzadC (1 μM) and/or SAHA (1 μM). Six days after treatment, the concentration of viral RNA in culture supernatants was determined (in copies/ml). The results were reported as the actual HIV RNA copy numbers/ml or as an estimated value calculated as 50% of the smallest value when HIV RNA was not detected in order to assign a log value. Means are represented. Nonparametric one‐way ANOVA for independent samples (Kruskal–Wallis) followed by paired comparisons between each treated condition and the mock‐treated condition (Mann–Whitney test) are performed.