Table 5.
Hazard Ratios (HR) of Colorectal Cancer Associated with Laxative Use, by Stage
| Local
|
Regional/Distant
|
||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Case/Cohorta | HRb | (95% CI) | Case/Cohorta | HRb | (95% CI) | P for difference | |
|
|
|
||||||
| Non-Fiber Laxative Use (10 year) | |||||||
| <1x/year | 148/49,528 | 1.00 | Ref | 173/49,553 | 1.00 | Ref | 0.11 |
| 1–4x/year | 20/4,723 | 1.46 | (0.83–2.56) | 30/4,733 | 1.53 | (0.95–2.45) | |
| ≥5x/year | 10/2,554 | 1.85 | (0.81–4.22) | 11/2,555 | 1.17 | (0.56–2.47) | |
| Ptrend | 0.08 | 0.25 | |||||
| Fiber Laxative Use (10 year) | |||||||
| Non-User | 165/51,831 | 1.00 | Ref | 203/51,869 | 1.00 | Ref | 0.97 |
| Low (<4 days/week or <4 yrs) | 17/5,027 | 1.17 | (0.70–1.95) | 22/5,032 | 1.17 | (0.73–1.93) | |
| High (4+ days/week for 4+ yrs) | 4/2,677 | 0.41 | (0.13–1.32) | 4/2,677 | 0.48 | (0.18–1.32) | |
| Ptrend | 0.34 | 0.39 | |||||
a
n: # after fter adjustment for all covariates (listed below)
b
Adjusted for: age, sex, race/ethnicity,education, smoking, BMI, physical activity, family history of CRC, colonoscopy/sigmoidoscopy screening, history of polyp removal, aspirin use, NSAID use, hormone replacement therapy use (among women), caloric intake, fiber, fruit & vegetable intake, red/processed meat intake, alcohol consumption, calcium, non-fiber laxative use, fiber laxative use, bowel movement frequency and constipation