Table 1.

Roger’s pain vocalizations

Day #1—left hand

Warm water (total time = 3:00)

Time 1:06 → It’s not unpleasant at all

Time 1:40 → No pain

Cold water (total time = 2:31)

Time 0:00 → Wa-hoo! Wow! Yes, that is cold! Wow

Time 0:14 → Wow. Ya. Eww

Time 0:34 → Wa-ew! Ew-how!

Time 0:44 → Extremely unpleasant

Time 1:02 → It feels extremely unpleasant

Time 1:42 → Oww

Day #2—right hand

Warm water (total time = 3:00)

Time 0:07 → Comfortable. Comfortable, no pain

Time 0:37 → No pain

Time 1:00 → None

Cold water (total time = 1:47)

Time 0:03 → No ice cubes, but it’s ice water!

Time 0:08 → Oww

Time 0:14 → Ew-how

Time 0:27 → We-ye. Ha

Time 0:31 → A lot stronger, more intense signals being sent than the hot water. Wow

Time 0:50 → Wow-ha. Ow! It is pretty bad. Wow. Ya

Time 1:04 → Ew-ow

Time 1:32 → It is that bad [pointing to rating scale]. Worst

Day #3—left hand

Warm water (total time = 3:00)

Time 0:12 → It feels good. Hurts so good (making joke). Warm water

Cold water (total time = 0:54)

Time 0:01 → Wy-ha! Ew-ha! Woah, ahh, eww

Time 0:14 → Ay!

Time 0:18 → Wow. Whew-hew-hew

Time 0:36 → Oww. Ew, oww, eww!

Time 0:43 → Ow! Ew

Time 0:48 → It is bad! Owww! Ow. I want it out!

Day #4—right hand

Warm water (total time = 3:00)

Time 0:48 → Not the hottest or the coldest.

Cold water (total time = 0:37)

Time 0:01 → Ay-ya-ya! Woah

Time 0:15 → Wow. Who. Ow-we-ha!

Time 0:17 → It feels cold all the way through

Time 0:22 → Wow! Ow! Wow. Ow. Wow-ew. Wow! Ow!

Time 0:32 → That is bad! It is bad. Wow! Wow. Oww! Ow

Roger’s pain-related vocalizations transcribed for each immersion. The spelling attempts to characterize the literal enunciation for each of his vocalizations. Exclamation marks indicate vocalizations that were emitted with high levels of intensity. Time represents the amount of time (in minutes and seconds) that his hand had been immersed in the water