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. 2016 Feb 2;7:47. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2016.00047

Table 1.

Mean (SD) and range of working memory (WM) (% near and distant correct), anxiety symptoms, stroop interference score (ms), attentional bias score (ms) at measures at time 1 (T1- pre-intervention), time 2 (T2 – post-intervention) and time 3 (T3 – follow-up) in the WM and CBT groups.

WM group∗∗ CBT group#


T1 T2 T3 T1 T2 T3






M SD M SD M SD M SD M SD M SD
Working memory tasks
Near 49.39 7.04 58.69 10.08 58.97 10.53 45.07 9.91 46.97 12.49 48.27 10.98
Distant 59.40 17.37 69.41 14.93 68.37 15.27 59.94 10.16 63.86 13.16 67.54 14.60
Anxiety measures
Trait anxiety 21.92 7.33 17.76 7.15 14.00 7.30 18.00 8.76 13.89 8.78 14.00 9.09
Test anxiety 74.54 15.14 70.77 19.25 61.77 19.00 74.37 19.13 68.79 19.42 70.79 24.11
Attention measures
Interference 97.55 19.46 57.13 16.86 57.39 14.87 85.96 16.54 66.83 37.51 42.76 12.64

Both groups (n = 32)

T1 T2 T3

Bias toward@ 44.61 35.63 6.42 41.03 -24.46 -24.46
Bias away -38.53 30.44 15.15 59.23 12.89 12.89

∗∗N = 13 participants; #N = 19 participants, interference scores indicate the RT (ms) differences between incongruent versus congruent trial (increased positive scores reflect greater interference) and N = 18 participants completed the stroop test in the CBT group because one participant reported color blindness. @Indicates bias toward threat and bias away from threat collapsed across groups.