Table 2. Demographic and clinical features of the T2DM, T2DMC and non-diabetic control group.a.
| Variable | Controls (n = 92) | T2DM (n = 92) | p valueb | T2DMC (n = 92) | p valueb | p valuec |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 50.2 (14.2) | 47.7 (13.9) | 0.241 | 52.4 (13.1) | 0.257 | 0.019 |
| Sex- no.(%) | 0.761d | 0.026d | 0.055d | |||
| Male | 56 (60.9) | 58 (63.0) | 70 (76.1) | |||
| Female | 36 (39.1) | 34 (37.0) | 22 (23.9) | |||
| BMI (kg/m2) | 23.6 (2.0) | 25.6 (4.5) | <0.001 | 25.5 (2.9) | <0.001 | 0.841 |
| Somking status- no.(%) | 0.854d | 0.063d | 0.093d | |||
| Ever and Current | 18 (19.6) | 19 (20.7) | 29 (31.5) | |||
| Never | 74 (80.4) | 73 (79.3) | 63 (68.5) | |||
| Alcohol consumption-no.(%) | 0.058d | 0.862d | 0.084d | |||
| Ever and Current | 22 (23.9) | 12 (12.0) | 21 (22.8) | |||
| Never | 70 (76.1) | 80 (88.0) | 71 (77.2) | |||
| SBP (mmHg) | 122.1 (6.8) | 134.1 (16.5) | <0.001 | 135.5 (14.4) | <0.001 | 0.534 |
| DBP (mmHg) | 78.3 (4.1) | 81.2 (10.3) | 0.012 | 82.5 (11.1) | 0.001 | 0.435 |
| Diabetic duration (years) | 2.1 (2.7) | 4.8 (4.2) | ||||
| Glucose (mmol/L) | 4.9 (0.5) | 9.2 (4.3) | <0.001 | 9.5 (3.4) | <0.001 | 0.645 |
| HbA1c (percent) | 5.3 (0.4) | 9.8 (2.9) | <0.001 | 10.3 (2.7) | <0.001 | 0.254 |
| Total cholesterol (mmol/L) | 4.4 (0.5) | 9.2 (4.3) | <0.001 | 9.5 (3.7) | <0.001 | 0.645 |
| Triglyceride (mmol/L) | 0.9 (0.3) | 2.6 (2.7) | <0.001 | 2.1 (1.6) | <0.001 | 0.113 |
| LDL-C (mmol/L) | 2.5 (0.6) | 2.7 (0.8) | 0.016 | 2.9 (0.9) | <0.001 | 0.125 |
| HDL-C (mmol/L) | 1.4 (0.3) | 0.97 (0.2) | <0.001 | 1.0 (0.2) | <0.001 | 0.362 |
| Complications | ||||||
| Diabetic retinopathy | 31 (33.7) | |||||
| Diabetic neuropathy | 32 (34.8) | |||||
| Diabetic nephropathy | 7 (7.6) | |||||
| Diabetic foot | 2 (2.2) | |||||
| Combined | 20 (21.7) | |||||
aData are mean (SD) or number (%).
bCompared with control group.
cCompared between the two case group.
dTwo sides χ2 test. T2DM = type 2 diabetes. T2DMC = type 2 diabetes with microvascular complications. BMI = body mass index. SBP = systolic blood pressure. DBP = diastolic blood pressure. LDL-C = low density lipoprotein cholesterol. HDL-C = high density lipoprotein cholesterol.