Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of the study population with measured urinary levels of OH-PAH (n=2769)
| Characteristics | Mean values±SE of mean or sample size (weighted percentages)* |
|---|---|
| Female (%) | 1418 (49.8) |
| Age (years) | 41.0±0.3 |
| Race/ethnicity (%) | |
| Non-Hispanic Whites | 1374 (71.7) |
| Non-Hispanic Blacks | 584 (10.9) |
| Others | 811 (17.4) |
| Education categories (%) | |
| Less than high school | 667 (14.5) |
| High school | 650 (24.9) |
| Above high school | 1452 (60.6) |
| Below poverty level (%) | 493 (12.9) |
| Smoking categories (%) | |
| Never | 1443 (50.2) |
| Former smokers | 584 (21.6) |
| Current smokers | 741 (28.2) |
| Alcohol drinking (%) | |
| Yes | 1993 (76.2) |
| Body mass index (%) | |
| Normal weight (<25.0 kg/m2) | 861 (34.3) |
| Overweight (25.0–29.9 kg/m2) | 925 (31.6) |
| Obese (>30.0 kg/m2) | 983 (34.1) |
| Serum cotinine (ng/mL) | 74.7±4.0 |
| Total cholesterol (mg/dL) | 201.2±1.3 |
| Diabetes (%) | 257 (7.5) |
*
Data for the USA based on the National Health and Human Examination Survey, 2001–2006.
OH-PAH, monohydroxy polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon.