Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of subjects with T2DM and subjects without T2DM (control group).
| Subjects with T2DM n = 595 |
Control group n = 200 |
p | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 62.39 ± 9.61 | 60.07 ± 9.18 | 0.008 |
| Male sex (%) | 338 (56.8) | 92 (46.0) | 0.008 |
| Diabetes duration (years) | 11.25 ± 7.88 | — | — |
| Cigarette smoking (%) | 53 (8.91) | 34 (17.0) | 0.002 |
| Waist circumference (cm) | 108.65 ± 12.88 | 93.31 ± 13.18 | <0.001 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 31.00 ± 4.74 | 27.90 ± 4.42 | 0.16 |
| SBP (mm Hg) | 147.1 ± 19.80 | 143.3 ± 16.6 | 0.86 |
| DBP (mm Hg) | 85.78 ± 11.60 | 84.7 ± 11.6 | 0.19 |
| Fasting glucose (mmol/L) | 8.04 ± 2.57 | 5.27 ± 0.87 | <0.001 |
| HbA1c (%) | 7.89 ± 3.56 | 4.79 ± 0.29 | <0.001 |
| Total cholesterol (mmol/L) | 4.70 ± 1.18 | 5.36 ± 1.08 | <0.001 |
| HDL cholesterol (mmol/L) | 1.20 ± 0.35 | 1.43 ± 0.37 | <0.001 |
| LDL cholesterol (mmol/L) | 2.63 ± 0.94 | 3.24 ± 0.98 | <0.001 |
| Triglycerides (mmol/L) | 1.9 (1.2–2.7) | 1.3 (0.9–1.9) | <0.001 |
| hs-CRP (mg/L) | 3.5 ± 1.18 | 2.2 ± 1.18 | <0.001 |
| CIMT (μm) | 958 ± 194 | 890 ± 212 | 0.007 |
| Statin therapy (%) | 375 (63.0) | 62 (31.0) | <0.001 |
| Antihypertensive agents (%) | 499 (83.9) | 58 (29%) | <0.001 |
Continuous variables were expressed as means ± standard deviations when normally distributed and as median (interquartile range) when asymmetrically distributed. Categorical variables were expressed as frequency (percentage). BMI: body mass index; SBP: systolic blood pressure; DBP: diastolic blood pressure; HbA1c: glycated haemoglobin; hs-CRP: high sensitivity C-reactive protein.