Figure 3.

Regulation of the dynamic balance between methylation and demethylation by miRNA and small molecules functions as DNMTs inhibitors. Some miRNA targeted the mRNA coding for DNMTs and some small molecules function as inhibitors of DNMTs. Due to overexpression of some miRNA specifically targeting to DNMTs mRNA as well as treatment with DNMTs inhibitors, methylation is repressed, leading to dynamic alteration of methylation and demethylation balance and enhancing the reprogramming efficiency.