Table 3.

Estimates and p values (p) of changes in metabolite concentrations which are significantly associated with changes in HOMA in at least one (sub)group (All, WL, and nWL). Change is defined as the relative change over the one-year intervention. Estimates are given with 95% confidence interval (CI). Estimates, confidence intervals, and p values were calculated with robust regression models. WL, children with substantial weight loss; nWL, children without substantial weight loss; AAA, aromatic amino acids; Carn, acylcarnitine; Pro, proline; Trp, tryptophan; Tyr, tyrosine; Val, valine, xLeu, sum of leucine and isoleucine.

Analyte	All (n = 80)		WL (n = 40)		nWL (n = 40)
	Estimate [95% CI]	p	Estimate [95% CI]	p	Estimate [95% CI]	p
AAA sum	0.79 [−0.04; 1.60]	0.059	1.04 [0.29; 1.80]	0.009	0.27 [−1.40; 1.90]	0.742
Carn C0	1.10 [0.29; 1.90]	0.008	1.71 [0.88; 2.50]	<0.001	0.24 [−1.30; 1.70]	0.751
Carn C3	0.34 [−0.16; 0.83]	0.174	0.49 [0.03; 0.96]	0.036	0.24 [−0.72; 1.20]	0.615
Carn C6:1-DC	−0.33 [−0.59; −0.06]	0.015	−0.29 [−0.47; −0.10]	0.003	−0.37 [−1.10; 0.38]	0.342
Carn C6-oxo	−0.24 [−0.43; −0.05]	0.014	−0.21 [−0.35; −0.08]	0.003	−0.21 [−0.73; 0.31]	0.438
Pro	0.81 [0.19; 1.40]	0.011	0.72 [0.11; 1.30]	0.023	0.88 [−0.08; 1.80]	0.067
Ratio of Carn C4/Carn C5-oxo	0.23 [−0.09; 0.55]	0.177	0.48 [0.18; 0.77]	0.003	−0.21 [−0.86; 0.45]	0.530
Ratio of Carn C5/Carn C6-oxo	0.24 [0.07; 0.41]	0.007	0.22 [0.08; 0.35]	0.002	0.29 [0.02; 0.57]	0.041
Ratio of Carn C6:1-DC/Carn C5:1	−0.27 [−0.54; 0.01]	0.055	−0.22 [−0.41; −0.03]	0.024	−0.39 [−1.10; 0.37]	0.321
Ratio of Carn C6-oxo/xLeu	−0.19 [−0.34; −0.03]	0.016	−0.15 [−0.25; −0.04]	0.007	−0.24 [−0.84; 0.37]	0.442
Trp	0.93 [−0.02; 1.90]	0.056	1.13 [0.14; 2.10]	0.027	0.44 [−1.30; 2.20]	0.613
Tyr	0.79 [0.17; 1.40]	0.015	1.09 [0.51; 1.70]	0.001	0.28 [−0.99; 1.50]	0.651
Val	0.65 [−0.11; 1.40]	0.090	0.73 [0.07; 1.40]	0.033	0.48 [−1.10; 2.10]	0.544