Table 2.
Cardiovascular risk factors and comorbidity of the participants comparing patients with diabetes and without diabetes
| Non Diabetic | Diabetic | P value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| n = 242 | n = 69 | ||
| Clinical variables | Mean/Median/n | Mean/Median/n | |
| SD/IQR/(%) | SD/IQR/(%) | ||
| Smoking, n (%) | 19 (7.9) | 5 (7.2) | 1.000 |
| Sedentary lifestyle, n (%) | 61 (25.2) | 27 (39.1) | 0.033 |
| Body mass index, (kg/m2) | 27.5 ± 4.4 | 28.2 ± 4.9 | 0.255 |
| Waist circumference (cm) | 100 (91–108) | 101 (94–110) | 0.293 |
| Systolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 138 ± 20 | 138 ± 22 | 0.786 |
| Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 80 ± 13 | 76 ± 11 | 0.022 |
| Mean blood pressure (mmHg) | 99 ± 13 | 97 ± 13 | 0.185 |
| Total cholesterol (mg/dL) | 207 ± 34 | 190 ± 37 | 0.002 |
| LDL-cholesterol (mg/dL) | 124 ± 29 | 115 ± 30 | 0.053 |
| HDL-cholesterol (mg/dL) | 60 ± 17 | 53 ± 14 | 0.005 |
| Serum glucose (mg/dL) | 94 (87–102) | 121 (102–146) | <0.01 |
| Hypertension, n (%) | 168 (69.4) | 48 (69.6) | 1.000 |
| Hypercholesterolemia, n (%) | 59 (24.4) | 19 (27.5) | 0.637 |
| Depression/anxiety, n (%) | 37 (15.3) | 7 (10.1) | 0.332 |
| Cognitive impairment, n (%) | 35 (14.5) | 18 (26.1) | 0.029 |
| Cerebrovascular disease, n (%) | 7 (2.9) | 6 (8.7) | 0.044 |
| Charlson morbidity index adjusted for age | 4 (3–5) | 5 (4–6) | <0.01 |
Values are means ± standard deviations (SD) for normally distributed continuous data and number, medians (interquartile range (IQR)) for asymmetrically distributed continuous data and proportions for categorical data
LDL low density lipoprotein, HDL high density lipoprotein