Table 2.
Variance components, proportion of variances over total phenotypic variance and heritabilities for calving interval (CI), milk, fat and protein yields in Holstein and Jersey cows
| Breed | Model | Parameter | Trait | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CI | Milk yield | Fat yield | Protein yield | |||
| Holstein | A | σ 2a | 58 (12) | 239,580 (15,500) | 257 (20) | 145 (12) |
| σ 2perm | 43 (18) | 150,320 (10,569) | 255 (16) | 171 (10) | ||
| σ 2e | 2681 (28) | 546,590 (6487) | 889 (11) | 522 (6) | ||
| h 2a | 0.021 (0.004) | 0.256 (0.014) | 0.184 (0.013) | 0.174 (0.013) | ||
| (σ 2a + σ 2perm)/σ 2p | 0.036 (0.006) | 0.416 (0.009) | 0.366 (0.009) | 0.378 (0.009) | ||
| A + D | σ 2a | 58 (12) | 239,810 (15,486) | 257 (20) | 145 (12) | |
| σ 2d | 34 (22) | 30,492 (12,464) | 54 (20) | 27 (12) | ||
| σ 2perm | 8 (29) | 118,360 (16,161) | 200 (25) | 143 (15) | ||
| σ 2e | 2680 (28) | 546,520 (6486) | 889 (11) | 522 (6) | ||
| h 2a | 0.021 (0.004) | 0.256 (0.014) | 0.184 (0.013) | 0.174 (0.013) | ||
| h 2d | 0.012 (0.008) | 0.033 (0.013) | 0.038 (0.014) | 0.032 (0.014) | ||
| σ 2d/(σ 2a + σ 2d) | 0.366 | 0.113 | 0.173 | 0.155 | ||
| (σ 2a + σ 2d + σ 2perm)/σ 2p | 0.036 (0.006) | 0.416 (0.009) | 0.365 (0.009) | 0.377 (0.009) | ||
| Jersey | A | σ 2a | 63 (20) | 137,410 (11,868) | 189 (21) | 106 (11) |
| σ 2perm | 114 (31) | 98,832 (7852) | 223 (17) | 131 (9) | ||
| σ 2e | 2749 (43) | 214,400 (3720) | 606 (10) | 281 (5) | ||
| h 2a | 0.022 (0.007) | 0.305 (0.022) | 0.186 (0.019) | 0.204 (0.020) | ||
| (σ 2a + σ 2perm)/σ 2p | 0.061 (0.009) | 0.524 (0.011) | 0.405 (0.012) | 0.457 (0.012) | ||
| A + D | σ 2a | 63 (20) | 137,800 (11,858) | 189 (21) | 105 (11) | |
| σ 2d | 0 | 23,089 (8892) | 67 (21) | 37 (11) | ||
| σ 2perm | 114 (31) | 74,510 (11,473) | 153 (26) | 93 (14) | ||
| σ 2e | 2749 (43) | 214,450 (3721) | 606 (10) | 281 (5) | ||
| h 2a | 0.022 (0.007) | 0.306 (0.022) | 0.186 (0.019) | 0.204 (0.020) | ||
| h 2d | 0 | 0.051 (0.020) | 0.066 (0.020) | 0.071 (0.021) | ||
| σ 2d/(σ 2a + σ 2d) | 0 | 0.144 | 0.263 | 0.258 | ||
| (σ 2a + σ 2d + σ 2perm)/σ 2p | 0.061 (0.009) | 0.523 (0.011) | 0.403 (0.012) | 0.455 (0.012) | ||
Model A = taking only additive effects into account
Model A + D = taking both additive and dominance effects into account
σ 2a = additive variance
σ 2perm = permanent environmental variance
σ 2e = residual variance
h 2a = additive heritability
σ 2p = total phenotypic variance
σ 2d = dominance variance
h 2d = dominance heritability
Standard errors (SE) in parentheses