Table 1.
Data sources and mean percentage of total energy intake (%E) and standard deviation (SD) of intakes of total fat, SFA, MUFA, and PUFA among adults in 24 European countries
| Country | Year | Data source | Sample size | Dietary method | Age (years) | Energy Kcal | SD | Total fat (%E) | SD | SFA (%E) | SD | MUFA (%E) | SD | PUFA (%E) | SD |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Austria (AT) 26 | 2009 | Austrian Nutrition Survey 2008 | 2123 | 24 h recall | 19–64 | 1970 | n/a | 37 | n/a | 14.5 | n/a | 12.5 | n/a | 8 | n/a |
| Belgium (BE) 27 | 2010 | Belgian National Food Consumption Survey (BNFCS) | 873 | 2 × 24 h recall and FFQ | 19–59 | 2016 | 679 | 37.6 | 5.9 | 15.4 | 2.9 | 13.7 | 2.0 | 7 | 2.3 |
| Bulgaria (BG) 18 | 1998 | National Nutrition Survey | 860 | 24 h recall | 18–60 | 2379 | 903 | 34.6 | 8.6 | 12.5 | 5.5 | 9.9 | 3.2 | 11.3 | 4.6 |
| Czech Republic (CZ) 28 | 2010 | The HAPIEE Study | 7913 | FFQ | 45–69 | 2018 | 716 | 36 | 15.1 | 13 | 5.7 | 13 | 5.5 | 7 | 2.9 |
| Denmark (DK) 29 | 2010 | National Dietary Survey | 3151 | 7 days food record | 18–75 | 2173 | 668 | 35 | 5.6 | 15 | 3 | 12 | 2.4 | 5.2 | 1 |
| Finland (FI) 30 | 2012 | National Nutrition Survey (FINDIET 2012) | 1708 | 48 h dietary recall data | 25–64 | 35.4 | 8 | 13.6 | 4.1 | 12.6 | 3.65 | 6.2 | 2.4 | ||
| France (FR) 31 | 2006–2007 | Etude Individuelle Nationale des Consommations Alimentaire (INCA 2) | 1918 | 7 days dietary record | 18–79 | 2066 | 558 | 39.1 | 5.7 | 15.5 | 5.5 | 13.9 | 4.4 | 5.8 | 2.4 |
| Germany (DE) 32 | 2004 | German Nutrition Survey | >1000 | Written diet record | 19–65 | 2460 | n/a | 35.9 | n/a | 14.4 | n/a | 12.8 | n/a | 6.5 | n/a |
| Greece (GR) 33 | 2004 | Greek EPIC Cohort | 20 942 | FFQ | 25–64 | 2245 | 656 | 46.2 | 5.3 | 13.1 | 2.7 | 22.3 | 4 | 6.6 | 2.6 |
| Hungary (HU) 34 | 2011 | National Dietary Survey | 3077 | 3 days dietary record | 31–60 | 2455 | 648 | 37.5 | 5.5 | 10.7 | 2.4 | 11.3 | 2.7 | 8.9 | 2.2 |
| Ireland (IE) 35 | 2008 | Food Consumption Survey | 1097 | 7 days food dairy | 18–65 | n/a | n/a | 35.8 | 5.4 | 14 | 3.1 | 12 | 2 | 7 | 2.1 |
| Israel (IL) 36 | 2001 | MABAT First Israeli National Health and Nutrition Survey | 3242 | 24 h recall and questionnaire | 25–64 | 1856 | 882 | 33 | 9 | 9 | 4 | 11 | 5 | 8 | 4 |
| Italy (IT) 37 | 2011 | INRAN SCAI National Food Consumption Survey | 1313 | 3 days dietary record | 19–64 | 36.4 | 5.3 | 11.2 | 2.4 | 17.5 | 2.4 | 4.6 | 3.3 | ||
| Netherlands (NL) 38 | 2011 | Dutch National Food Consumption Survey | 2106 | 24 h recalls | 19–65 | n/a | 36.7 | n/a | 14.4 | n/a | 13 | n/a | 6.9 | n/a | |
| Norway (NO) 39 | 2012 | Norkost 3 | 1787 | 24 h recalls and FFQ | 18–70 | 2245 | n/a | 34 | 7 | 13 | 3 | 12 | 3 | 6.2 | 2.3 |
| Poland (PL) 10 | 2003 | Household Food Consumption Survey | 2893 | 24 h recall | 19–65 | n/a | n/a | 35.7 | 8.1 | 11.6 | 4.1 | 15.4 | 4.5 | 5.2 | 2.4 |
| Portugal (PT) 40 | 1999 | Cross‐Sectional Study | 489 | FFQ | >40 | 2316 | 668 | 28.5 | 5 | 8.9 | 2.4 | 12.4 | 2.4 | 4.9 | 1.1 |
| Russia (RU) 28 | 2010 | The HAPIEE Study | 9098 | FFQ | 45–79 | 2579 | 763 | 43 | 15.5 | 14 | 6.2 | 16 | 6.1 | 9 | 3.5 |
| Slovakia (SK) 41 | 2002 | Two Epidemiologic Studies | 4018 | 24 h recall | 25–60 | 2185 | n/a | 38.5 | n/a | 12 | n/a | 15.9 | n/a | 5.6 | n/a |
| Slovenia (SI) 42 | 1999 | Epidemiological Study | 2183 | FFQ | 19–80 | n/a | n/a | 35.5 | n/a | 13 | n/a | 11.9 | n/a | 8.7 | n/a |
| Spain (ES) 33 | 2005 | Large Studies (pooled analysis of studies) 1990–1998 | 10 208 | 24 h diet, 3 days diet record and FFQ | 18–65 | 2727 | n/a | 44.3 | n/a | 14.8 | n/a | 13 | n/a | 3.9 | n/a |
| Sweden (SE) 43 | 2012 | Riksmaten; Adults Dietary Survey | 1797 | 4 days food dairy | 18–80 | 1987 | 623 | 34.2 | 6.4 | 13 | 3.2 | 12.8 | 2.8 | 5.6 | 1.9 |
| Turkey (TU) 44 | 2014 | Nutrition and Health Survey | 8058 | 24 h recall | >19 | 1909 | 792 | 34.4 | 9.9 | 11.7 | 6.9 | 12.2 | 6.9 | 8.7 | 5.9 |
| United Kingdom 45 | 2012 | National Diet and Nutrition Survey | 434 | 4 days estimated food diary | 19–64 | 1803 | 558 | 32.9 | 7 | 12 | 3.4 | 11.7 | 3 | 5.9 | 2 |