Table 3.
Child Characteristics for Lazio Region Sample by FASD Diagnosis and Randomly-Selected Controls
| Measure | FASD Mean (SD) (n = 46) |
Randomly Selected Controls Mean (SD) (n = 116) |
Test Score |
p |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Child Physical Characteristics | ||||
| Age (months) | 79.8 | 79.5 | t= −.442 | .659 |
| Sex (% male) | 50.0 | 52.6 | χ2=0.09 | .766 |
| Height | 38.2 (29.5) | 60.7 (26.1) | t= 4.76 | <.001 |
| Weight | 41.4 (30.5) | 67.2 (25.6) | t= 5.05 | <.001 |
| Head circumference (OFC) centile | 24.8 (28.1) | 55.2 (26.8) | t= 6.42 | <.001 |
| Palprebral fissure length (PFL) centile | 20.1 (18.8) | 31.1 (16.6) | t= 3.67 | <.001 |
| Narrow vermilion border of the upper lip(% Yes; a score of 4 and 5) | 93.5 | 21.6 | χ2=69.96 | <.001 |
| Smooth Philtrum (% Yes; a score of 4 and 5) | 89.1 | 13.8 | χ2=81.98 | <.001 |
| Total Dysmorphology Score | 11.9 (4.1) | 3.6 (2.9) | t= 210.19 | <.001 |
| Child Neurocognitive Performance | ||||
| Raven centile | 53.9 (23.2) | 71.0 (21.2) | t= 4.48 | <.001 |
| Rustioni (number of errors made) | 8.0 (2.3) | 5.3 (2.5) | t= −4.41 | <.001 |
| PBCL-36 | 9.1 (6.1) | 3.9 (3.7) | t= −3.31 | .004 |
| Inattention (Pelham) | 6.7 (7.9) | 2.2 (3.7) | t= −3.65 | .001 |
| Hyperactivity (Pelham) | 4.2 (6.2) | 2.2 (4.3) | t= −2.03 | .047 |
| WISC verbal | 91.8 (15.3) | 103.1 (16.0) | t= 2.85 | .006 |
| WISC nonverbal | 94.6 (16.9) | 113.7 (17.5) | t= 4.41 | <.001 |
| WISC overall | 92.3 (15.9) | 109.3 (17.7) | t= 3.97 | <.001 |