Table 7.
Association between lifestyle characteristic and obesity using WC, WHR, and WHtR as indicators.
| Lifestyles features | WC | WHR | WHtR | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Normal | Overweight | Obese | Normal | Overweight | Obese | Normal | Obese | |
| n = 325 | n = 76 | n = 142 | n = 46 | n = 165 | n = 330 | n = 323 | n = 220 | |
| Snack in between meals | 0.6843, 2 (p = 0.7102) | 12.84, 2 (p = 0.0016) | 4.803, 1 (p = 0.0284) | |||||
| Yes (n = 95) | 55 (58.3%) | 16 (16.7%) | 24 (25.0%) | 16 (16.7%) | 20 (20.8%) | 59 (62.5%) | 43 (45.8%) | 13 (54.2%) |
| No (n = 448) | 270 (60.2%) | 61 (13.6%) | 118 (26.3%) | 30 (6.7%) | 145 (32.2%) | 273 (61.0%) | 277 (61.9%) | 171 (38.1%) |
| Taking meals late at night | 1.929, 2 (p = 0.3812) | 8.719, 2 (p = 0.0128) | 4.882, 1 (p = 0.0271) | |||||
| Yes (n = 76) | 40 (52.6%) | 12 (15.8%) | 24 (31.6%) | 8 (10.5%) | 12 (15.8%) | 56 (73.7%) | 36 (47.3%) | 40 (52.6%) |
| No (n = 467) | 284 (60.9%) | 64 (13.8%) | 118 (25.2%) | 38 (8.1%) | 152 (32.5%) | 277 (59.3%) | 284 (60.9%) | 183 (39.1%) |
| Regular exercise | 10.26, 2 (p = 0.0059) | 1.486, 2 (p = 0.4757) | 0.08455, 1 (p = 0.7712) | |||||
| Yes (n = 133) | 95 (71.4%) | 11 (8.6%) | 27 (20.0%) | 11 (8.6%) | 46 (34.3%) | 76 (57.1%) | 80 (60.0%) | 53 (40.0%) |
| No (n = 410) | 228 (55.6%) | 64 (15.7%) | 114 (27.8%) | 34 (8.3%) | 118 (28.7%) | 254 (62.0%) | 239 (58.3%) | 168 (40.7%) |
| Fast food intake | 3.435, 2 (p = 0.1795) | 17.27, 2 (p = 0.0002) | 25.01, 1 (p < 0.0001) | |||||
| Yes (n = 220) | 121 (55.2%) | 34 (15.5%) | 64 (29.3%) | 31 (14.3%) | 55 (25.0%) | 141 (64.3%) | 106 (48.2%) | 122 (55.4%) |
| No (n = 323) | 201 (62.3%) | 42 (12.9%) | 76 (23.5%) | 15 (4.7%) | 110 (34.1%) | 194 (60.0%) | 217 (67.1%) | 103 (31.8%) |
| Alcohol intake | 2.629, 2 (p = 0.2686) | 8.748, 2 (p = 0.0126) | 2.037, 1 (p = 0.1535) | |||||
| Yes (n = 15) | 11 (75.0%) | — | 4 (25.0%) | 4 (25.0%) | 7 (50.0%) | 4 (25.0%) | 1 (25.0%) | 3 (75.0%) |
| No (n = 528) | 314 (58.9%) | 76 (14.4%) | 138 (25.9%) | 417 (7.9%) | 156 (29.5%) | 327 (61.9%) | 315 (59.7%) | 209 (39.6%) |
Values are presented in frequency with percentages in parenthesis. Chi-square value (χ 2), df (p value). BMI: body mass index; WC: waist circumference; WHR: waist to hip ratio; WHtR: waist to height ratio.