Table 1. Summary of Reported Cases of Spontaneous Air Leaks Associated With Acute Bronchiolitis/Lower Viral Respiratory Infection in Children.
| Author | Case No. | Age (months) | Sex | Past medical history | Type of air leak | Time of presentation (days) | Pathogen | Management |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Lipinski and Goodman [6] | 1 | 8 | F | Not reported | PNO | 3 | Not reported | Chest drain |
| Pollack [7] | 1 | 4 | F | Irrelevant | PNO + PNM | 1 | RSV | Needle aspiration |
| Hopkins et al [8] | 1 | 14 | M | Irrelevant | SE | 2 | RSV | Conservative |
| Tutor et al [9] | 1 | 9 | F | Irrelevant | PNM + SE | 10 | Influenza A | Conservative |
| Alter [10] | 1 | 4 | M | Not reported | PNO | 2 | Not reported | Ventilation, chest drain |
| Piastra et al [11] | 2 | 6 | F | Not reported | PNO + SE | 2 | RSV | Conservative |
| 11 | F | Ex-28/40 (no CLDI) | PNO | 42465 | RSV | Conservative | ||
| Kambouri et al [12] | 1 | 5 | F | Not reported | PNO | 7 | RSV | Needle aspiration |
| Given et al [13] | 3 | 10 | M | Ex-PT 30/40 (no CLDI) | PNO | 4 | Parainfluenza 3 | Conservative |
| 5 | F | Irrelevant | PNO | 3 | Not identified | Conservative | ||
| 24 | M | Irrelevant | PNM + SE | 3 | RSV | Conservative | ||
| Ursic et al [14] | 1 | 20 | F | Ex-PT 27/40 (no CLDI) | SE | Not reported | Bocavirus | Ventilation |
| Odek et al [15] | 1 | 8 | F | Irrelevant | PNO | 3 | RSV | Chest drain, ventilation |
| Actual case | 1 | 21 | F | Ex-PT 35/40 (no CLDI) Slight pulmonary valve stenosis |
PNO + SE | 7 | RSV | Chest drain |
PNM: pneumomediastinum; PNO: pneumothorax; PT: preterm; RSV: respiratory syncytial virus; SE: subcutaneous emphysema.