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. 2015 May 21;33(6):1952–1961. doi: 10.1002/stem.1975

Figure 6.

Figure 6

Intraflagellar transport protein‐88 (IFT88) mediated primary cilia elongation is critical for adipogenic differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs). (A): Representative maximum projection confocal images showing hMSCs cultured in basal media (BM), adipogenic media (AM), AM with IFT88 siRNA (AM+siIFT88) and AM with non‐targeting siRNA (AM+siNT). Cells were analyzed at day five of differentiation induction corresponding to 72 hours post second transfection at day 2. Peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor γ (PPARγ) is shown in red, primary cilia in green, and Hoechst stained nuclei in blue. Scale bar = 20 µm for fields (top) and 10 µm for single cell images (bottom). (B): Nuclear PPARγ expression for conditions described above. n = 100–110 nuclei per condition. **, p < 0.01 versus BM; ***, p < 0.001 versus BM; #, p < 0.05 versus AM; ###, p < 0.001 versus AM; +, p < 0.05, +++; p < 0.001; Mann–Whitney U test. Abbreviations: AM, adipogenic media; BM, basal media; IFT88, intraflagellar transport protein‐88; PPARγ, peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor γ; siNT, non‐targeting siRNA.