Table 2.
Summary of the six included studies demonstrating computer‐assisted 3D reconstruction, and the impact of fetal surgical planning
| Author | Summary | Method | Software | Impact |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Werner et al. 201445 n} | Printed 3D models demonstrate complex fetal anatomy | 3D virtual models created from MRI and CT demonstrating cervical lymphangioma, spina bifida, cleft lip | Mimics, Materialise, Leuven, Belgium. Autodesk Mudbox, San Francisco,California | None demonstrated with regards planning |
| Werner et al. 201546 n} | 3D model of a fetus with lumbosacral myelomeningocele | 3D virtual models created from MRI | Mimics, Materialise, Leuven, Belgium | None demonstrated with regards surgical planning |
| Norwitz et al. 200047 n} | Preoperative surgical planning for conjoined twins with twin reversed‐arterial‐perfusion sequence requiring immediate separation after delivery | 3D virtual model constructed from MRI demonstrated the joined liver and biliary tree anatomy | Slicer, Surgical planning Laboratory of Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston | Increased preoperative anatomical understanding |
| Werner et al. 201148 n} | 3D model to demonstrate virtual bronchoscopy, on a normal fetus | 3D model of fetal airway from which a simulation bronchoscopy movie was created, demonstrating the fetal airway patency | Mimics, Materialise, Leuven, Belgium | Virtual bronchoscopy allowed confident assessment of fetal airway to plan delivery |
| Werner et al. 201349 n} | 3D models to assess airway patency in four fetuses with complex neck masses | 3D model of fetal airway from which a simulation bronchoscopy movie was created, demonstrating the fetal airway patency | Mimics, Materialise, Leuven, Belgium | Virtual bronchoscopy allowed confident assessment of fetal airway to plan delivery |
| Luks et al. 200150 n} | Preoperative planning for laser treatment of twin‐to‐twin transfusion syndrome | Virtual reconstruction used to study location of placental umbilical cord insertion and inter‐twin membrane, to calculate optimum port entry point, and the length and angle of curved instrument required to reach the target area | SNN 3.0 Planning and Navigation Software, Surgical Navigation Network, Mississauga, Ontario, Canada | Improved preoperative anatomical understanding |