Table 1.

The statistical results based on different methods in the noiseless condition.

	Mean value				Best value
	ICS	CS	PSO	GA	ICS	CS	PSO	GA
σ 1	10.000000	9.998736	9.985012	10.082051	10.000000	9.999927	9.995510	10.026911
σ 2	28.000000	28.000005	28.014411	27.881034	28.000000	28.000002	28.001304	28.004702
σ 3	2.666667	2.666661	2.668102	2.681882	2.666667	2.666665	2.666802	2.669018
H	1.1822e − 010	3.7614e − 004	0.069517	0.331901	1.2933e − 011	2.9556e − 005	0.011377	0.113969