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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2017 Jan 1.
Published in final edited form as: Curr Probl Cardiol. 2015 Jun 11;41(1):7–57. doi: 10.1016/j.cpcardiol.2015.06.002

Figure 5.

Figure 5

Concealed phase 2 reentry as the basis for late potential and fractionated bipolar epicardial (Epi) electrogram (Bipolar EG) activity in an experimental model of Brugada syndrome. Each panel shows (from top to bottom) a Bipolar EG, action potentials recorded from endocardium (Endo) and two Epi sites and an ECG all simultaneously recorded from a coronary-perfused right ventricular wedge preparation exposed to NS5806 (5 μM) and verapamil (2 μM) to induce the Brugada phenotype. Heterogeneous loss of the dome at epicardium caused local re-excitation via a ‘concealed’ phase 2 re-entry mechanism, leading to the development of late potentials and fractionated bipolar epicardial EG activity. No major delays in conduction of the primary beat were ever observed. Each panel shows results from a different preparation. Basic cycle length=1000 ms. Reproduced from 161, with permission.