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. 2016 Feb 3;6:20569. doi: 10.1038/srep20569

Figure 4. Distribution of in situ tTG activity in sagittal whole brain sections in C57Bl6/J wild-type and APP23 mice brains.

Figure 4

Sagittal serial brain sections of mice were incubated with the specific tTG substrate T26 or the anti-Aβ antibody and visualised using the DAB chromogen. The anti-Aβ antibody stained both plaques (b) and vascular Aβ (d) in 27-months old mice. T26 staining was present in cerebral blood vessel walls in both 27-months old wild-type (a) and APP23 mice (g, arrow). In addition, in 27-months old APP23 mice, T26 stained both Aβ plaques (c) and in vascular Aβ (e). Double immunofluorescence of the anti-Aβ antibody with T26 staining demonstrated colocalisation of T26 with Aβ plaques (f–h). T26 staining colocalised with the majority of ThioS positive plaques, although T26 staining was absent from the dense cores of these plaques (i–k). Co-incubation of T26 with the selective tTG inhibitor Z-DON prevented the tTG-catalysed incorporation of T26 (l–n). Scale bars: (a–c) 20 μm, (d–n) 30 μm. Abbreviations: Aβ = amyloid beta, ThioS = Thioflavin S, tTG = tissue transglutaminase, Z-DON = Z-DON-Val-Pro-Leu-OMe.