Table 3.

Hazard ratios for the measures retained in the final major adverse cardiovascular event (MACE) and MACE+ models, and for components of MACE in terms of updated mean glycated haemoglobin per 1% unit.

	HR (95% CI)	p
MACE
Age at starting insulin (years)	1.035 (1.018–1.053)	<0.0001
Previous diagnosis of high BP (yes/no)	1.585 (1.031–2.438)	0.036
≥1 macrovascular disease when starting insulin (yes/no)	2.435 (1.731–3.425)	<0.0001
Updated average HbA1c (per 1% unit)	1.250 (1.118–1.398)	<0.0001
MACE components (per 1% unit HbA1c)*
CV death	1.312 (1.098–1.567)	0.0027
Stroke	1.363 (1.168–1.591)	<0.0001
MI	1.047 (0.833–1.317)	0.693
MACE+
Sex (female vs male)	0.602 (0.470–0.769)	<0.0001
Physical activity (yes vs no)	0.732 (0.578–0.928)	0.0101
≥1 macrovascular disease when starting insulin (yes/no)	2.883 (2.205–3.769)	<0.0001
Duration of diabetes when starting insulin (years)	1.018 (1.004–1.031)	0.0105
BP‐lowering drug when starting insulin (yes/no)	1.652 (1.142–2.388)	0.0076
Antiplatelet/anticoagulant when starting insulin (yes/no)	1.318 (1.008–1.724)	0.0436
Updated mean HbA1c (per 1% unit)	1.161 (1.071–1.259)	0.0003

BP, blood pressure; CI, confidence interval; CV, cardiovascular; HbA1c, glycated haemoglobin; HR, hazard ratio; MACE, major adverse cardiovascular event; MI, myocardial infarction.

^*Including adjustment for age, prior high BP (yes/no) and history or presence of macrovascular disease (yes/no), all when starting insulin.