Table 2. Main assumptions for the effect of salt intervention and CVD treatment costs, the CVD Policy Model-China.
| Variable | Estimate (range) | Sources |
|---|---|---|
| Effect of salt reduction | A meta-analysis of effect of dietary salt restriction on blood pressure in China [3] | |
| Effect of 1.0 g salt reduction on SBP change (mmHg/g) | ||
| Normotensive adults | -0.55 (-0.58, -0.52) | |
| Hypertensive adults | -0.94 (-1.03, -0.69) | |
| Effect of salt-restriction spoon use on salt change (g) | ||
| Normotensive and hypertensive adults | -1.46 (-2.40, -0.52) | |
| Effect of salt substitute use on SBP (mmHg) | ||
| Normotensive adults | -2.31 (-5.57, 0.94) | |
| Hypertensive adults | -4.20 (-7.00, -1.30) | |
| QALYs weights | Global Burden of Disease 2010 Study [23] | |
| Acute state (the first 30 days after onset) | ||
| Nonfatal AMI | 0.9064 | |
| Nonfatal angina | 0.9520 | |
| Nonfatal stroke | 0.8644 | |
| Chronic state | ||
| Nonfatal AMI | 0.9648 | |
| Nonfatal angina | 0.9064 | |
| Nonfatal stroke | 0.8835 | |
| Death | 0.0000 | |
| Costs (Int$) | ||
| Hospital charges | China’s Health Statistics Yearbook 2011 [24] | |
| AMI | 4 417 | |
| Angina | 2 208 | |
| Stroke | 2 244 | |
| Annual outpatient* | Unpublished data from Initiative for Cardiovascular Health Research [25] | |
| The first year of coronary heart disease | 909 | |
| After the first year of coronary heart disease | 633 | |
| The first year of stroke | 555 | |
| After the first year of stroke | 357 | |
| Per capita total expenditure on health | 245 | World Health Statistics 2013[26] |
*, Costs were inflated to 2010 by using inflation rate in China published by Trading Economics.
AMI, acute myocardial infarction; CVD, cardiovascular disease; Int$, international dollars (Int$1.00 = 3.53 Chinese yuan); SBP, systolic blood pressure; QALYs, quality-adjusted life years