Fig. 6.

Protein–protein interaction (PPI) network analysis determines Parkinson protein 7 (PARK7) as a candidate molecule that may give rise to pathologies common in epilepsy, AD and ASD. A, Venn diagrams depicting candidate genes common between epilepsy, Alzheimer's disease (AD), and autism spectrum disorder (ASD). (Left, Databases) Venn diagram for genes obtained from disease databases (supplemental Table S7A). The genes in the intersection include amyloid precursor protein (APP) and glutamate receptor ionotropic, N-methly-d-aspartate 2A (Grin2A/GluN2). (Right, Our data) Subset of left Venn diagram showing only those genes present in our data set (Supplemental Table S9B–S9D). B, Protein–protein interaction networks for epilepsy (left), AD (right), and ASD (bottom) based on candidate genes. The combined PPI network (center) was seeded with epilepsy, AD, and ASD candidate proteins found in our data set (supplemental Table S8). Network seed genes are represented by nodes colored in red (epilepsy), magenta (AD), blue (ASD), or orange (combined PPI network). Light blue nodes indicate intermediate PPI interactions between seed genes. Green nodes indicate proteins connected to hub proteins of high degree and/or betweenness centrality (highly trafficked or connected nodes), referred to in the text as “terminal hub proteins.” Proteins around central PPI network indicate proteins connected to the terminal hub proteins including PARK7.