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Breathing stabilizes during VN-CPG stimulus after unilateral vagal nerve transection. The respiratory interval changed erratically during VN-CPG stimulation of the vagus nerve (A). This variation was prevented by transecting the vagus nerve cranial to the stimulating electrodes, thereby blocking afferent signal transduction (B). dEMG, diaphragmatic electromyogram; RI, respiratory interval; VN-CPG, hCPG format for vagal nerve stimulation.
