Table 2. A catalogue of as received (commercial/unmodified materials) and functionalised carbon nanomaterials tested.

^agrafting methods U – ungrafted T – thermochemical R – reduction

^bcalculated from polymer grafting ratio and BET measurements

^csee ref. 20

^dsee ref. 21

^esee ref. 33

^fdetermined by titration * not measured due to low solubility in water ^$ no IEP the material is negative across pH range