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. 2015 Sep 10;6(32):33438–33455. doi: 10.18632/oncotarget.5586

Figure 6. Proposed model for C-PAC induced cell death in EAC cell lines.

Figure 6

Results support C-PAC induces cell death by different mechanisms in EAC cell lines based on sensitivity to an acidified bile mixture. Exposing acid sensitive JHAD1 and OE33 EAC cells to an acidified bile cocktail (5 min, pH = 4.0) resulted in rapid cell death via early apoptosis; however, exposure of inherently acid resistant OE19 EAC cells does not result in significant cell death. C-PAC treatment of JHAD1 and OE33 cells results in cell death via low levels of apoptosis and significant autophagy; whereas C-PAC treated OE19 cells die largely by cellular necrosis and exhibit low levels of autophagy and apoptosis. Similarly, when JHAD1 cells are pushed to become resistant to the acidified bile cocktail (4-6 repeat exposures) the cells die via necrosis supporting that mode of cell death induction is linked to sensitivity to an acidified bile cocktail.