Table 1.

Outcome of NSC Grafting in Hippocampal Injury/Neurodegeneration Prototypes on Memory and Mood Function

Type of Injury	Type of NSCs and Species	Region and Timing of grafting	Effect on Memory Function	Effect on Mood Function
KA-induced unilateral hippocampal injury in rat [39]	NSCs from the postnatal SVZ	Injured CA3 Region at 5 days after injury	Prevented spatial and recognition memory deficits	Prevented depressive-like behavior
KA-induced bilateral hippocampal injury in mouse [60]	NSCs from the postnatal SVZ transduced with IGF-1	Injured hippocampus at 4 days after injury	Reduced Memory Deficits	Not Examined
KA-induced unilateral hippocampal injury in rat [64]	Human NSCs transduced with ChAT	Injured hippocampus at 4 weeks after injury	Improved memory function	Not examined
Fluid Percussion prototype of TBI in rat [61]	Human fetal NSCs	Injured hippocampus one-day after TBI	Improved Memory Function	Not examined
Triple transgenic AD mouse (3xTg-AD) [38]	NSCs from the entire postnatal day 1 brain	hippocampus of 18-month old mice exhibiting Aβ plaques and NFTs	Improved Memory Function	Not examined
Status epilepticus (SE) induced hippocampal injury in rat [40]	NSCs from the postnatal SVZ	Injured hippocampi (bilateral) 7-days after SE	Prevented recognition memory dysfunction	Prevented depressive-like behavior

Aβ, amyloid beta; AD, Alzheimer’s disease; BDNF, brain derived neurotrophic factor; ChAT, choline acetyltransferase; GD, gestation day; IGF-1, insulin-like growth factor-1; KA, kainic acid; NFTs, neurofibrillary tangles; NSCs, neural stem cells; SE, status epilepticus; SVZ, subventricular zone; TBI, traumatic brain injury.