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. 2016 Feb 5;7:98. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2016.00098

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Copyright © 2016 Stief, Kamp, Thamdrup and Glud.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Conceptual model of inorganic nitrogen metabolism in sinking diatom aggregates in the marine pelagial, highlighting the spatial organization of microenvironments, microbes, and metabolic activities (not to scale). Light and dark gray areas represent oxic and anoxic compartments inside the aggregate, respectively. Green and blue circles represent diatom and bacterial cells, respectively. Lysing diatom cells have dashed contours. N_red denotes the sum of any product of dissimilatory nitrate reduction. Black arrows indicate transport of solutes, whereas red arrows indicate microbial turnover of solutes: (1) aerobic respiration, (2) dissimilatory nitrate reduction, (3) nitrification, (4) nitrate storage and/or assimilation by diatoms, (5) nitrate leakage by lysing diatoms, (6) organic carbon (C_org) leakage by diatoms, and (7) DNRA activity by diatoms.