Table 3.

Relationship Between Obesity and Clinical Outcomes in Hospitalized Children

	Studies Reporting an Association of Clinical Outcomes With Obesity, No.^a

	Mortality		Infection		Length of Stay

Disease Group	Yes (n = 32 761)	No (n = 8842)	Yes (n = 492)	No (n = 5022)	Yes (n = 3185)	No (n = 6013)
Mean NOS score	7.3	6.4	5.5	5.8	7.0	5.7
Critical care/trauma	34^b	24^b	19^c	32^c	44^b	24^b
	35^d	19^c		36^c	43^b	19^c
		32^c				32^c
		36^c				36^c
		30^c
Oncology/HSCT	21^b	26^b		42^d
	18^b	23^b
	29^d	31^b
	20^d	17^d
	37^d
Elective surgical procedures			40^c		41^d	39^c
					38^c
Solid organ transplant	25^b	27^b		27^b	28^d	27^b
	22^b	33^c		33^c
	28^d			28^d

Abbreviations: HSCT, hematopoietic stem cell transplantation; NOS, Newcastle-Ottawa Scale.

Significant results indicated by number of reference citation and study quality as assessed by NOS score.

High quality (score, 8–9).

Low quality (score, ≤5).

Moderate quality (score, 6–7).