Table 2.

Factors Associated with Within or Between Brand Family Switching

Covariates	Within-brand vs. no switch or between brand switch (N=1435)		Between brand vs. no switch or within-brand switch (N=1435)
	OR	95% CI	OR	95% CI
Sex
Female	1.02	(0.81–1.30)	1.02	(0.78–1.34)
Male (reference)	1.00	-------------	-----	-------------
Age Group
55–max	0.43	(0.24–0.75)	0.55	(0.27–1.12)
40–54	0.46	(0.26–0.81)	0.43	(0.21–0.87)
25–39	0.50	(0.27–0.90)	0.67	(0.32–1.39)
18–24 (reference)	1.00	-------------	-----	-------------
Race
Black	1.34	(0.87–2.08)	1.34	(0.77–2.33)
Other	1.31	(0.86–1.99)	1.61	(1.03–2.53)
White (reference)	1.00	-------------	-----	-------------
Incomea
Low	0.95	(0.67–1.34)	1.73	(1.20–2.51)
Middle	1.28	(0.94–1.74)	1.33	(0.93–1.92)
No answer	1.22	(0.70–2.13)	1.20	(0.62–2.32)
High (reference)	1.00	-------------	-----	-------------
Nicotine Addictionb
>=4	0.79	(0.61–1.02)	1.11	(0.85–1.45)
<4 (reference)	1.00	-------------	-----	-------------
Daily smoking
Daily	0.75	(0.48–1.17)	1.03	(0.55–1.93)
Non-daily (reference)	1.00	-------------	-----	-------------
Educationc
Low	1.08	(0.76–1.53)	1.05	(0.70–1.56)
Middle	1.09	(0.78–1.53)	0.90	(0.60–1.35)
High (reference)	1.00	-------------	-----	-------------
Geographic Region
Midwest	1.00	(0.69–1.47)	0.82	(0.54–1.22)
Northeast	0.96	(0.64–1.44)	0.87	(0.58–1.31)
South	1.16	(0.82–1.65)	0.74	(0.51–1.08)
West (reference)	1.00	-------------	-----	--------------
Brand Type
Discount	0.57	(0.45–0.72)	5.58	(4.16–7.48)
Premium (reference)	1.00	-------------	-----	--------------

^*Models also contain wave and time-in-sample.

^aIncome defined as low: ≤ $29,999; medium:$30,000–$59,999; and high:≥$60,000.

^bNicotine dependence is measured by the heaviness of smoking index (scored 0–6) and categorized as either low (<4) or high (≥4).

^cEducation defined as: low= ≤ high school; moderate=some college/tech/trade school, no degree; high= university degree or greater