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. 2015 Oct 26;113(4):898–906. doi: 10.1073/pnas.1502556112

Fig. 2.

Fig. 2.

Examples of reintroductions or extant functional counterparts to replace extinct species in ongoing or proposed rewilding projects on islands and continents: Island examples include (Bottom to Top): Snares Island snipe (Coenocorypha huegeli) replacing the South Island snipe (Coenocorypha iredalei) on Putauhinu Island, New Zealand; giant Aldabra tortoise (Aldabrachelys gigantea) replacing giant Cylindraspis tortoises on Rodrigues Island, Mauritius; African sulcata tortoises (Centrochelys sulcata) replacing a flightless bird, the moa-nalo (Chelychelynechen quassus) on Kaua’i, Hawai’i. Continental examples include (Bottom to Top): Wild boar (Sus scrofa), experimental reintroduction to a fenced rewilding site in the Scottish Highlands; European Bison (Bison bonasus), an increasing number of rewilding reintroductions of this species are being implemented across Europe, here in Vorup Enge, Denmark (all ongoing projects); Asian elephant (Elephas maximus) replacing straight-tusked elephant (Elephas antiquus) in Eskebjerg Vesterlyng, Denmark (3-d pilot experiment, 2008). Approximate times because local or regional extinction of the original taxa are given. Images courtesy of (Top Right) J. Kunstmann and (Bottom Left) C. Miskelly.