Table 4. Univariate and multivariate analysis of factors associated with grade 3 or 4 transaminase elevations (TE) and grade 4 total bilirubin elevations (TBE).

	n	Grade 3 or 4	p	AOR	p	Grade 4	p	AOR	p
		TE,	uni-	(95% CI)	multi-	TBE,	uni-	(95% CI)	multi-
		n (%)	variate		variate	n (%)	variate		variate
Age
<46 years	96	7 (7.3)	0.194	1.027	0.57	5 (5.2)	0.360	1.052	0.438
≥46 years	96	3 (3.1)		(0.936–1.127)		3 (3.1)		(0.926–1.193)
Sex
Male	169	9 (5.3)	0.658	1.073	0.949	7 (4.1)	0.647	1.297	0.826
Female	23	1 (4.3)		(0.124–9.303)		1 (4.3)		(0.127–13.225)
Alcohol intake
<50 g/day	162	7 (4.3)	0.192	0.387	0.202	8 (4.9)	0.250
≥50 g/day	30	3 (10)		(0.09–1.66)		0
ALT levels
≥40 IU/mL	121	7 (5.8)	0.458			6 (5)	0.378
<40 IU/mL	71	3 (4.2)				2 (2.8)
CDC category C
Yes	63	3 (4.8)	0.574			2 (3.2)	0.479
No	129	7 (5.4)				6 (4.7)
Undetectable HIV RNA
Yes	77	3 (3.9)	0.376			6 (7.8)	0.047	0.229	0.103
No	115	7 (6.1)				2 (1.7)		(0.039–1.344)
CD4 cell count
<350 cells/mL	81	5 (6.2)	0.421			3 (3.7)	0.753
≥350 cells/mL	111	5 (4.5)				5 (4.5)
Baseline cirrhosis
Yes	55	2 (3.6)	0.415			3 (5.5)	0.414
No	137	8 (5.8)				5 (3.6)
Start of a NRTI
Yes	77	3 (3.9)	0.503			5 (4.3)	0.593
No	115	3 (4.5)				3 (3.9)
Start of a PI/r
Yes	89	7 (7.9)	0.124	1.319	0.733	4 (4.5)	1
No	103	3 (2.9)		(0.269–6.475)		4 (3.9)
Use of ATV/r
Yes	29	2 (6.9)	0.649			5 (17.2)	0.002	7.327	0.018
No	163	8 (4.9)				3 (1.8)		(1.417–37.89)
Start of a NNRTI
Yes	77	1 (1.3)	0.052	0.183	0.748	1 (1.3)	0.147	0.397	0.43
No	115	9 (7.8)		(0.017–1.925)		7 (6.1)		(0.04–3.932)
Start of RAL
Yes	24	1 (4.2)	0.683			1 (4.2)	1
No	168	9 (5.4)				7 (4.2)
Start of a MVC
Yes	9	1 (11.1)	0.389			0	0.676
No	183	9 (4.9)				8 (4.4)

AOR: adjusted odds ratio; CI: confidence interval; NRTI: nucleot(s)ide reverse transcriptase inhibitor; PI/r: ritonavir-boosted protease inhibitor; ATV/r: ritonavir-boosted atazanavir; NNRTI: non-nucleot(s)ide reverse transcriptase inhibitor; RAL: raltegravir; MVC: maravir